Display options
Display as: HTML / XML / original HC / raw XML
Show source and parameters: yes / no
Line numbers: on / off
Page breaks: on / off
Corpus contents
Sort by: author / title
For more sorting options, please use the search feature.
- Aelfric: The Old Testament
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Homilies (15)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/27.2)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/29)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/8)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (14)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (26)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (32)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (9)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Sigefyrth
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Sigeweard ('On the Old and New Testament')
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Wulfsige
- Aelfric: Aelfric's First and Second Letters to Wulfstan (1)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's First and Second Letters to Wulfstan (2)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Grammar
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Lives of Saints
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Catholic Homilies I
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Catholic Homilies II
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Genesis
- Aelfric: De Temporibus Anni
- Aethelwold: The Benedictine Rule
- Aldred: The Durham Ritual
- Aldred: Lindisfarne Gospels
- Alfred: Alfred's Boethius
- Alfred: Alfred's Cura Pastoralis
- Alfred: The Meters of Boethius
- Alfred: Alfred's Preface to Cura Pastoralis
- Alfred: Alfred's Preface to Soliloquies
- Anonymous: Adrian and Ritheus
- Anonymous: Aelred of Rielvaux's De Institutione Inclusarum (3)
- Anonymous: Aelred of Rielvaux's De Institutione Inclusarum (4)
- Anonymous: Alexander's Letter
- Anonymous: Laws (ALFRED)
- Anonymous: Alfred's Introduction to Laws
- Anonymous: Ancrene Wisse
- Anonymous: Andreas
- Anonymous: Apollonius of Tyre
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (Sweet-Whitelock 35)
- Anonymous: The New Testament (Authorized Version)
- Anonymous: The Old Testament (Authorized Version)
- Anonymous: Bede's Death Song
- Anonymous: Bede's Ecclesiastical History
- Anonymous: The Benedictine Rule
- Anonymous: Beowulf
- Anonymous: A Bestiary
- Anonymous: The Romance of Sir Beues of Hamtoun
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (BIRCH 451)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (10)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (17)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (2)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (6)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (10)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (5)
- Anonymous: The Battle of Brunanburh
- Anonymous: Brut (1333)
- Anonymous: Caedmon's Hymn
- Anonymous: Satire on the Consistory Courts (HP6)
- Anonymous: Chad
- Anonymous: The Cyrurgie of Guy de Chauliac
- Anonymous: Christ
- Anonymous: Gregory's Chronicle
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS A Early (O2)
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS A Late
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS E (Early)
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS E (Late)
- Anonymous: The Cloud of Unknowing
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Commissioner of Customs (to Lord Clifford)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Privy Council (to Lord Rochester)
- Anonymous: Cursor Mundi
- Anonymous: Deor
- Anonymous: Depositions
- Anonymous: Dicts of Cato
- Anonymous: Digby Plays
- Anonymous: The Dream of the Rood
- Anonymous: Wulf and Eadwacer
- Anonymous: The Life of St. Edmund
- Anonymous: The Equatorie of the Planetis
- Anonymous: The Trial of the Earl of Essex
- Anonymous: Exodus
- Anonymous: The Fortunes of Men
- Anonymous: The Fox and Wolf in the Well
- Anonymous: Gregory the Great, Dialogues (MS H)
- Anonymous: Genesis
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (HARMER 12)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 18)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 2)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 4)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 5)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 7)
- Anonymous: Havelok
- Anonymous: The Proclamation of Henry III
- Anonymous: Hali Meidhad
- Anonymous: King Horn
- Anonymous: A Treatise on Horses
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (3)
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (4)
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (5)
- Anonymous: History of the Holy Rood-Tree
- Anonymous: Song of the Husbandman (HP2)
- Anonymous: Indenture
- Anonymous: Laws (INE)
- Anonymous: In Die Innocencium
- Anonymous: Interlude (Appendix to Dame Sirith)
- Anonymous: Judgements, London
- Anonymous: Juliane
- Anonymous: Kyng Alisaunder
- Anonymous: Katherine
- Anonymous: The Kentish Hymn
- Anonymous: The Kentish Psalm
- Anonymous: Kentish Sermons
- Anonymous: Lacnunga
- Anonymous: Laeceboc
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (1)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (14)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (15)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (3)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (4)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (7)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (8)
- Anonymous: Laws (Eleventh Century)
- Anonymous: Laws (LATE)
- Anonymous: The Leiden Riddle
- Anonymous: Vision of Leofric
- Anonymous: The Trial of Lady Alice Lisle
- Anonymous: Letter(s), London (to the King)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Lords of the Council (to the King)
- Anonymous: Proclamations, London
- Anonymous: Ludus Coventriae
- Anonymous: Mandeville's Travels
- Anonymous: Mankind
- Anonymous: Margarete
- Anonymous: A Passion of St Margaret
- Anonymous: Martyrology
- Anonymous: Marvels
- Anonymous: Maxims I
- Anonymous: A Hundred Mery Talys
- Anonymous: Man in the Moon
- Anonymous: The Earliest Complete English Prose Psalter
- Anonymous: The Metrical Psalms of the Paris Psalter
- Anonymous: The Northern Homily Cycle
- Anonymous: The Trial of Titus Oates
- Anonymous: Ohthere and Wulfstan (MS L)
- Anonymous: Ohthere and Wulfstan (MS G) (3)
- Anonymous: Alfred's Orosius
- Anonymous: The Panther
- Anonymous: The Partridge
- Anonymous: Penny Merriments
- Anonymous: Peri Didaxeon
- Anonymous: History of Sir John Perrott
- Anonymous: Petitions, London
- Anonymous: Petitions (M4), London
- Anonymous: The Peterborough Chronicle
- Anonymous: Phlebotomy
- Anonymous: Phoenix
- Anonymous: The Paris Psalter
- Anonymous: The Pricke of Conscience
- Anonymous: Prognostications (Caligula)
- Anonymous: Prognostications (CCCC)
- Anonymous: Prognostications (Hatton)
- Anonymous: Quadrupedibus
- Anonymous: The Trial of Sir Walter Raleigh
- Anonymous: Returns, London
- Anonymous: Satire on the Retinues of the Great (HP7)
- Anonymous: Riddles
- Anonymous: The Riming Poem
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 10)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 101)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 103)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 16)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (ROBERTSON 2)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 26)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (ROBERTSON 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 32)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 41)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 44)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 46)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 6)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 66)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 83)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 87)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 91)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 94)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 4)
- Anonymous: Sermon (MS Royal 18 B)
- Anonymous: The Ruthwell Cross
- Anonymous: The Seafarer
- Anonymous: Dame Sirith
- Anonymous: The Siege of Jerusalem
- Anonymous: The Life of St. Edmund
- Anonymous: Solomon and Saturn
- Anonymous: Statutes (II)
- Anonymous: Statutes (III)
- Anonymous: Statutes (IV)
- Anonymous: Statutes (VII)
- Anonymous: A Homily for the Sixth (or Fourth) Sunday After Epiphany
- Anonymous: Sawles Warde
- Anonymous: Testaments and Wills, London
- Anonymous: Liber de Diversis Medicinis (Thornton MS)
- Anonymous: The Trial of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton
- Anonymous: The Thrush and the Nightingale
- Anonymous: Towneley Plays
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (20)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (23)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (5)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Fellow of Trinity College (to Lord Burghley)
- Anonymous: The Vespasian Psalter
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (3)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (32)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (33)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (42)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (48)
- Anonymous: Vices and Virtues (1)
- Anonymous: The Book of Vices and Virtues (4)
- Anonymous: The Wanderer
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES1)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES11)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES27)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES40)
- Anonymous: The Whale
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 13)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 14)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 15)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 16/1)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 19)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 20)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 30)
- Anonymous: Widsith
- Anonymous: The Wife's Lament
- Anonymous: Laws (WILLIAM I)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S16)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S23)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S28)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S32)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S36)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S4)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S43)
- Anonymous: West-Saxon Gospels
- Anonymous: The New Testament (Wycliffe)
- Anonymous: The Old Testament (Wycliffe)
- Anonymous: York Plays
- Armin, Robert: A Nest of Ninnies
- Ascham, Roger: The Scholemaster
- Aungier, Francis: Letter (to Lord Essex)
- Bacon, Francis: The Twoo Bookes of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning
- Barrington, John: Letters (to his mother)
- Barrington, Thomas: Letter (to his mother)
- Beaumont, Elizabeth: Letter (to her husband)
- Bedyll, Thomas: Letter (to Cromwell)
- Behn, Aphra: Oroonoko
- Betson, Thomas: Letter (to his bride) & Letters (to his mother-in-law)
- Blundevile, Thomas: A Briefe Description of the Tables of the Three Speciall Right Lines Belonging to a Circle
- Boyle, Robert: Electricity & Magnetism
- Brinsley, John: Ludus Literarius
- Burnet, Gilbert: The Reign of Charles the Second
- Burnet, Gilbert: Biography of the Earl of Rochester
- Byrhtferth: Byrhtferth's Manual
- Capel, Arthur: Letters (to the King)
- Capgrave, John: Capgrave's Chronicle
- Capgrave, John: Capgrave's Sermon
- Caxton, William: Prologues and Epilogues
- Caxton, William: The History of Reynard the Fox
- Cecil, Robert: Letters (to Sir Thomas Edmondes)
- Cecil, William: Letter (to the University of Cambridge)
- Cely, George: Letters (to his father)
- Cely, Richard: Letters (to his brother)
- Charles II: Letters (to Lord Essex)
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: A Treatise on the Astrolabe
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: Boethius
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Wife of Bath's Prologue
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Tale of Melibee
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Merchant's Tale
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Parson's Tale
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Summoner's Tale
- Clowes, William: Treatise for the Artificiall Cure of Struma
- Colville, George: Boethius
- Conway, Edward: Letter (to Lord Buckingham)
- Coverte, Robert: A Trve and Almost Incredible Report of an Englishman
- Cromwell, Gregory: Letters (to his father)
- Cromwell, Thomas: Letter (to the Earl of Chester)
- Cumberland, Eleanor: Letter (to her husband)
- Cynewulf: Fates of Apostles
- Cynewulf: Elene
- Cynewulf: Juliana
- Deloney, Thomas: Jack of Newbury
- Edmondes, Thomas: Letter (to Sir Robert Cecil)
- Edward VI: The Diary of Edward VI
- Elizabeth I: Boethius
- Elizabeth I: Letter (to Sir Thomas Edmondes) & Letter (to Sir Robert Cecil)
- Elyot, Thomas: The Boke Named the Gouernour
- Evelyn, John: Diary of John Evelyn
- Everard, Joan: Letters (to her mother)
- Fabyan, Robert: The New Chronicles of England and France
- Farman: Rushworth Gospels
- Farquhar, George: The Beaux Stratagem
- Ferrar, Nicholas: Letter (to his mother)
- Ferrar, Richard: Letter (to his mother)
- Fiennes, Celia: My Great Journey to Newcastle and to Cornwall
- Fisher, John: Sermon (against Luther) & Sermon (on Good Friday)
- Fitzherbert, Anthony: The Book of Husbandry
- Fitzjames, Richard: Sermo Die Lune in Ebdomada Pasche
- Forman, Simon: Autobiography and Personal Diary of Dr. Simon Forman
- Fox, George: Journal of George Fox
- Fryer, John: A New Account of East India and Persia
- Gawdy, Philip: Letter (to his father)
- Gaytryge, Dan Jon: Dan Jon Gaytryge's Sermon
- Gifford, George: A Handbook on Witches and Witchcraft
- Gloucester, Robert: The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester
- Gower, John: Confessio Amantis
- Haddock, Nicholas: Letter (to his father)
- Haddock, Richard Jr: Letter (to his father)
- Haddock, Richard Sr: Letters (to his wife) & Letters (to his son)
- Harley, Brilliana: Letters (to her husband)
- Harman, Thomas: A Caveat or Warening for Commen Cursetors Vulgarely Called Vagabones
- Hatton, Alice: Letters (to her father)
- Hatton, Anne: Letters (to her father)
- Hatton, Charles: Letter (to his wife)
- Hatton, Elizabeth: Letter (to her son)
- Hatton, Frances: Letter (to her husband)
- Hayward, John: Annals of the First Four Years of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth
- Henry V: Letters (to a Bishop) & Letter (to -)
- Henry V: Letter(s) (to Mayor of London)
- Henry VIII: Letter (to the Earl of Surrey) & Letter (to the citizens of London)
- Henry, Philip: Letter (to his wife)
- Hilton, Walter: Eight Chapters on Perfection
- Hoby, Margaret: Diary of Margaret Hoby
- Hooke, Robert: Micrographia
- Hooker, Richard: Sermon upon part of S. Judes Epistle (1) & Sermon upon part of S. Judes Epistle (2)
- Hoole, Charles: A New Discovery of the Old Art of Teaching Schoole
- Howard, Thomas: Letter (to the King)
- Kempe, Margery: The Book of Margery Kempe
- Knyvett, Thomas: Letters (to his wife)
- Langford, T.: Plain and Full Instructions to Raise All Sorts of Fruit-Trees That Prosper in England
- Latimer, Hugh: Sermon (on ploughers) & Sermon (before Edward VI)
- Layamon: Layamon's Brut
- Leland, John: Itinerary
- Locke, John: Directions Concerning Education
- Machyn, Henry: The Diary of Henry Machyn
- Madox, Richard: Diary of Richard Madox
- Malory, Thomas: Morte Darthur
- Mannyng, Robert: Handlyng Synne
- Markham, Gervase: Countrey Contentments
- Masham, Elizabeth: Letters (to her mother)
- Metham, John: Days of the Moon
- Metham, John: Physiognomy
- Michel, Dan: Ayenbite of Inwyt
- Middleton, Thomas: A Chaste Maid in Cheapside
- Milton, John: The History of Britain
- Mirk, John: Festial
- More, Thomas: Letter (to his wife) & Letters (to his daughter)
- More, Thomas: The History of King Richard III
- More, Thomas: Letters (to Cardinal Wolsey)
- Mowntayne, Thomas: The Autobiography of Thomas Mowntayne
- Mull, Thomas: Letter (to his brother-in-law) & Letter (to his relative)
- Norwich, Julian: Revelations of Divine Love
- Orm: The Ormulum
- Osborne, Thomas: Letters (to Lord Essex)
- Oxinden, Elizabeth: Letters (to her mother-in-law)
- Oxinden, Henry: Letters (to his wife)
- Oxinden, Katherine: Letter (to her son)
- Oxinden, Richard: Letters (to his son)
- Paston, Clement: Letters (to his brother)
- Paston, John: Letters (to his brother)
- Paston, Katherine: Letters (to her son)
- Paston, Margaret: Letters (to her husbard)
- Paston, William: Letters
- Paston, William: Letters (to his mother)
- Pepys, Samuel: Diary of Samuel Pepys
- Pettit, Valentine: Letters (to her son)
- Peyton, Mary: Letter (to her daughter)
- Pinney, Jane: Letter (to her daughter) & Letter (to her husband)
- Pinney, John: Letter (to his daughter)
- Plumpton, Agnes: Letters (to her husband)
- Plumpton, Dorothy: Letter (to her father)
- Plumpton, Isabel: Letter (to her husband)
- Plumpton, Robert: Letter (to his mother)
- Plumpton, William: Letters (to his father) & Letter (to his son)
- Preston, Viscount: Boethius
- Proud, Mary: Letter (to her mother)
- Purvey, John: The Prologue to the Bible
- Record, Robert: The Path-Way to Knowledg, Containing the First Principles of Geometrie
- Reynes, Robert: Commonplace Book (Tanner MS 407)
- Rolle, Richard: The Bee and the Stork
- Rolle, Richard: The Psalter or Psalms of David
- Rolle, Richard: Prose Treatises
- Roper, Margaret: Letters (to his father)
- Roper, William: The Lyfe of Sir Thomas Moore, Knighte
- Scrope, Katherine: Letter (to her father)
- Shakespeare, William: The Merry Wives of Windsor
- Shillingford, John: Document(s) (Shillingford)
- Shillingford, John: Letter (to his fellows)
- Smith, Henry: Two Sermons on "Of Usurie" (1) & Two Sermons on "Of Usurie" (2)
- Somers, John: Letter (to the King)
- Spencer, Robert: Letters (to the King's agent)
- Stevenson, William: Gammer Gvrtons Nedle
- Stonor, Elizabeth: Letters (to her husband)
- Stow, John: The Chronicles of England from Brute unto This Present Yeare of Christ
- Strype, John: Letters (to his mother)
- Taylor, Jeremy: The Marriage Ring
- Taylor, John: The Pennyles Pilgrimage
- Tillotson, John: Sermon on "The Folly of Scoffing at Religion" & Sermon on "Of the Tryall of the Spirits"
- Torkington, Richard: Ye Oldest Diarie of Englysshe Travell
- Trevisa, John: Polychronicon
- Tunstall, Cuthbert: Letter (to the King)
- Turner, William: Book of Wines
- Tyndale, William: The New Testament (Tyndale)
- Tyndale, William: The Old Testament (Tyndale)
- Udall, Nicholas: Roister Doister
- Usk, Thomas: Appeal(s), London
- Vanbrugh, John: The Relapse
- Vicary, Thomas: The Anatomie of the Bodie of Man
- Waerferth: Gregory the Great, Dialogues (MS C)
- Walton, Izaak: The Compleat Angler
- Wolsey, Thomas: Letter (to the King)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's 'Institutes of Polity'
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (10C)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (12)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (13)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (17)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (1B)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (2)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (20)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (3)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (8C)
page 1
1
A BESTIARY
2
NATURA LEONIS JA.
3
4Ðe leun stant on hille,
5and he man hunten here
6Oðer ðurg his nese smel,
7Smake ðat he negge,
8Bi wilc weie so he wile
9To dele niðer wenden,
10Alle hise fet steppes
11After him he filleð,
12Drageð dust wið his stert
13ðer he steppeð,
14Oðer dust oðer deu,
15þat he ne cunne is finden,
16driueð dun to his den
17ðar he him bergen wille.
18
19
IJA.
20
21An oðer kinde he haueð,
22wanne he is ikindled
23Stille lið ðe leun,
24ne stireð he nout of slepe
25Til ðe sunne haueð sinen
26ðries him abuten,
27ðanne reiseð his fader him
28mit te rem ðat he makeð.
29
page 2
30
IIJA.
31
32Ðe ðridde lage haueð ðe leun,
33ðanne he lieð to slepen
34Sal he neure luken
35ðe lides of hise egen.
36
37
SIGNIFICACIO PRIME NATURE.
38
39Welle heg is tat hil,
40ðat is heuen riche,
41vre louerd is te leun,
42ðe liueð ðer abuuen;
43wu ðo him likede
44to ligten her on erðe,
45Migte neure diuel witen,
46ðog he be derne hunte,
47hu he dun come,
48Ne wu he dennede him
49in ðat defte meiden,
50Marie bi name,
51ðe him bar to manne frame.
52
53
IJA ET IIJA.
54
55Ðo ure drigten ded was,
56and doluen, also his wille was,
57In a ston stille he lai
58til it kam ðe dridde dai,
59His fader him filstnede swo
60ðat he ros fro dede ðo,
61vs to to lif holden,
62wakeð so his wille is,
63So hirde for his folde;
64He is hirde, we ben sep;
65Silden he us wille,
66If we heren to his word
67ðat we ne gon nowor wille,
68
page 3
69
NATURA AQUILE.
70
71Kiðen i wille ðe ernes kinde,
72Also ic it o boke rede,
73wu he neweð his guðhede,
74hu he cumeð ut of elde,
75Siðen hise limes arn unwelde,
76Siðen his bec is al to-wrong,
77Siðen his fligt is al unstrong,
78and his egen dimme;
79Hereð wu he neweð him.
80A welle he sekeð ðat springeð ai
81boðe bi nigt and bi dai,
82ðer-ouer he flegeð, and up he teð,
83til ðat he ðe heuene feð,
84ðurg skies sexe and seuene
85til he cumeð to heuene;
86So rigt so he cunne
87he houeð in ðe sunne;
88ðe sunne swideð al his fligt,
89and oc it makeð his egen brigt,
90Hise feðres fallen for ðe hete,
91and he dun mide to ðe wete
92Falleð in ðat welle grund,
93ðer he wurdeð heil and fundsund,
94and cumeð ut al newe,
95Ne were his bec untrewe.
96His bec is get biforn wrong,
97ðog hise limes senden strong,
98Ne maig he tilen him non fode
99him self to none gode,
100ðanne goð he to a ston,
101and he billeð ðer-on,
102Billeð til his bec biforn
103haueð ðe wrengðe forloren,
104Siðen wið his rigte bile
105takeð mete ðat he wile.
106
page 4
107
SIGNIFICACIO.
108
141
page 5
142
NATURA SERPENTIS. JA.
143
144An wirm is o werlde,
145wel man it knoweð,
146Neddre is te name:
147ðus he him neweð,
148ðanne he is forbroken and forbroiden,
149and in his elde al forwurden.
150Fasteð til his fel him slakeð,
151ten daies fulle,
152ðat he is lene and mainles
153and iuele mai gangen;
154he crepeð cripelande forð,
155his craft he ðus kiðeð,
156Sekeð a ston ðat a ðirl is on,
157Narwe, buten he nedeð him,
158Nimeð vnneðes ðurg,
159for his fel he ðer leteð;
160his fles forð crepeð,
161walkeð to ðe water-ward,
162wile ðanne drinken.
163Oc he speweð or al ðe uenim
164dat in his brest is bred
165fro his birde time,
166drinkeð siðen inog,
167and tus he him neweð.
168
169
IJA.
170
171Ðanne ðe neddre is of his hid naked,
172and bare of his brest atter,
173If he naked man se
174ne wile he him nogt neggen,
175oc he fleð fro him
176als he fro fir sulde.
177If he cloðed man se,
178cos he waxeð,
179For up he rigteð him
page 6
180redi to deren,
181to deren er to ded maken,
182if he it muge forðen.
183wat if ðe man war wurðe,
184and weren him cunne,
185figteð wið ðis wirm
186and fareð on him figtande;
187ðis neddre siðen he nede fal,
188makeð seld of his bodi,
189and sildeð his heued;
190litel him is of hise limes,
191bute he lif holde.
192
193
SIGNIFICACIO.
194
195Knov cristene man
196wat tu crist higtest
197Atte kirke dure,
198ðar ðu cristned were:
199þu higtes to leuen on him,
200and hise lages luuien,
201to helden wit herte
202ðe bodes of holi kirke.
203If ðu hauest is broken,
204Al ðu forbreðes,
205forwurðes and forgelues,
206Eche lif to wolden,
207Elded art fro eche blis,
208So ðis wirm o werld is;
209Newe ðe fordi
210so ðe neddre doð;
211It is te ned.
212Feste ðe of stedefastnesse,
213and ful of ðewes;
214and help ðe poure men
215ðe gangen abuten.
216Ne deme ðe nogt wurdi,
page 7
217ðat tu dure loken
218up to ðe heueneward;
219Oc walke wið ðe erðe
220mildelike among men;
221no mod ðu ne cune,
222mod ne mannes vncost;
223oc swic of sineginge;
224and bote bid tu ðe ai,
225boðe bi nigt and bi dai,
226ðat tu milce mote hauen
227of ðine misdedes.
228ðis lif bitokneð ðe sti
229ðat te neddre gangeð bi,
230and tis is ðe ðirl of ðe ston
231ðat tu salt ðurg gon.
232Let ðin filðe fro ðe,
233so ðe wirm his fel doð;
234Go ðu ðan to godes hus
235ðe godspel to heren,
236ðat is soule drink,
237sinnes quenching.
238Oc or sei ðu in scrifte
239to ðe prest sinnes tine,
240feg ðe ðus of ði brest filde,
241and feste ðe forðward
242fast at tin herte,
243ðat tu firmest higtes.
244ðuf art tu ging and newe;
245forðward be ðu trewe.
246Nedeð ðe ðe deuel nogt,
247for he ne mai ðe deren nogt;
248oc he fleð fro ðe
249so neddre fro de nakede.
250On ðe cloðede ðe neddre is cof,
251and te deuel cliuer on sinnes;
252Ai ðe sinfule
page 8
253bisetten he wile,
254and wið al mankin
255he haueð nið and win;
256wat if he leue haue
257of ure heuen louerd
258for to deren us,
259So he ure eldere or dede;
260do we ðe bodi in ðe bale,
261and bergen ðe soule,
262ðat is ure heued geuelic,
263helde we it wurðlic.
264
265
NATURA FORMICE.
266
267Ðe mire is magti,
268mikel ge swinkeð
269In sumer and in softe weder,
270So we ofte sen hauen;
271In ðe heruest
272hardilike gangeð,
273and renneð rapelike,
274and resteð hire seldum,
275and fecheð hire fode
276ðer ge it mai finden,
277gaddreð ilkines sed
278boðen of wude and of wed,
279Of corn and of gres,
280ðat ire to hauen es,
281haleð to hire hole,
282ðat siðen hire helpeð
283ðar ge wile ben winter agen;
284caue ge haueð to crepen in,
285ðat winter hire ne derie;
286Mete in hire hule ðat
287ðat ge muge biliuen.
288ðus ge tileð ðar,
289wiles ge time haueð,
page 9
290so it her telleð;
291oc finde ge ðe wete,
292corn ðat hire qwemeð,
293Al ge forleteð ðis oðer seð
294ðat ic er seide;
295Ne bit ge nowt de barlic
296beren abuten;
297oc suneð it and sakeð forð,
298so it same were.
299get is wunder of ðis wirm
300more ðanne man weneð,
301ðe corn ðat ge to caue bereð
302al get bit otwinne,
303ðat it ne forwurðe
304ne waxe hire fro,
305er ge it eten wille.
306
307
SIGNIFICACIO.
308
309Ðe mire muneð us
310mete to tilen,
311Long liuenoðe,
312ðis little wile
313ðe we on ðis werld wunen:
314for ðanne we osof wenden,
315ðanne is ure winter;
316we sulen hunger hauen
317and harde sures,
318buten we ben war here.
319do we forði so doð ðis der,
343
344
NATURA CERUI.
345
346Ðe hert haueð kindes two,
347and forbisnes oc al so:
348ðus it is on boke set,
349ðat man clepeð fisiologet.
350He drageð ðe neddre of de ston
351ðurg his nese up on-on,
352of ðe stoc er of ðe ston,
353for it wile ðerunder gon;
354and sweleð it wel swiðe,
355ðerof him brinneð siðen
356of ðat attrie ðing,
357wiðinnen he haueð brenning:
358he lepeð ðanne wið mikel list,
359of swet water he haueð ðrist;
360he drinkeð water gredilike
361til he is ful wel sikerlike,
362Ne haueð ðat uenim non migt
363to deren him siðen non wigt.
page 11
364oc he werpeð er hise hornes
365in wude er in ðornes,
366and gingid him ðus ðis wilde der,
367So ge hauen nu lered her.
368
369
SIGNIFICACIO PRIMA.
370
371Alle we atter dragen off ure eldere,
372ðe broken drigtinnes word ðurg ðe neddre;
373ðer-ðurg haueð mankin
374boðen nið and win,
375golsipe and giscing,
376giuernesse and wissing,
377pride and ouerwene;
378swilc atter i-mene.
379Ofte we brennen in mod,
380and wurðen so we weren wod;
381ðanne we ðus brennen
382bihoueð us to rennen
383to cristes quike welle,
384ðat we ne gon to helle;
385drinken his wissing,
386it quenchet ilc siniging;
387forwerpen pride eurilc del,
388so hert doð hise hornes;
389gingen us tus to godeward,
390and gemen us siðen forðward.
391
392
NATURA IJA.
393
394Ðe hertes hauen anoðer kinde,
395ðat us og alle to ben minde.
396Alle he arn off one mode;
397For if he fer fecchen fode,
398and he ouer water ten,
399wile non at nede oðer flen;
400Oc on swimmeð bi-forn,
401and alle ðe oðre folegen,
page 12
402weðer so he swimmeð er he wadeð:
403If non at nede ðat oðer lateð,
404Oc leigeð his skinbon
405on oðres lendbon.
406gef him ðat biforn teð
407Bilimpes for to tirgen,
408Alle ðe oðre cumen mide,
409and helpen him for to hertien,
410beren him of ðat water grund
411up to ðe lond al heil and fundsund,
412and forðen here nede:
413ðis wune he hauen hem bi-twen,
414ðog he an hundred to-giddre ben.
415
416
SIGNIFICACIO IJA.
417
418Ðe hertes costes we ogen to munen,
419Ne og ur non oðer to sunen,
420oc eurilc luuen oðer,
421also he were his broder,
422wurðen stedefast his wine,
423ligten him of his birdene,
424helpen him at his nede;
425god giueð ðer-fore mede:
426we sulen hauen heuenriche,
427gef we bitwixen us ben briche:
428ðus is ure louerdes lage,
432
433
NATURA WULPIS.
434
435A wilde der is
436ðat is ful of fele wiles,
437fox is hire to name,
438for hire queðsipe;
page 13
439husebondes hire haten,
440for hire harm dedes:
441ðe coc and te capun
442ge feccheð ofte in ðe tun,
443and te gandre and te gos,
444bi ðe necke and bi ðe nos,
445haleð is to hire hole;
446for-ði man hire hatieð,
447hatien and hulen
448boðe men and fules.
449Listneð nu a wunder,
450ðat tis der doð for hunger:
451goð o felde to a furg,
452and falleð ðar-inne,
453In eried lond er in erðchine.
454forto bilirten fugeles;
455Ne stereð ge nogt of ðe stede
456a god stund deies,
457oc dareð so ge ded were,
458Ne drageð ge non onde:
459ðe rauen is swiðe redi,
460weneð ðat ge rotieð,
461and oðre fules hire fallen bi
462For to winnen fode,
463derflike wiðuten dred;
464he wenen ðat ge ded beð,
465he wullen on ðis foxes fel;
466and ge it wel feleð,
467ligtlike ge lepeð up
468and letteð hem sone,
469gelt hem here billing
470raðe wið illing,
471tetoggeð and tetireð hem
472mid hire teð sarpe,
page 14
473Fret hire fille,
474and goð ðan ðer ge wille.
475
476
SIGNIFICACIO.
477
478Twifold forbisne in ðis der
479to frame we mugen finden her,
480warsipe and wisedom
481wið deuel and wið iuel man;
482ðe deuel dereð dernelike,
483he lat he ne wile us nogt biswike,
484he lat he ne wile us ðon non loð,
485and bringeð us in a sinne and ter he us sloð,
486he bit us don ure bukes wille,
487eten and drinken wið unskil,
488and in ure skemting
489he doð raðe a foxing,
490he billeð one ðe foxes fel
491wo so telleð idel spel,
492and he tireð on his ket
493wo so him wið sinne fet,
494and deuel geld swilk billing
495wið fame and wið sending,
496and for his sinfule werk
497ledeð man to helle merk.
498
499
SIGNIFICACIO.
500
501Ðe deuel is tus ðe fox ilik
502mið iuele breides and wið swik;
503and man al so ðe foxes name
504arn wurði to hauen same;
505for wo so seieð oðer god,
506and ðenkeð iuel on his mod,
507fox he is and fend iwis,
508ðe boc ne legeð nogt of ðis;
509So was herodes fox and flerd,
510ðo crist kam in-to ðis middel-erd,
page 15
511he seide he wulde him leuen on,
512and ðogte he wulde him fordon.
513
514
NATURA ARANEE.
515
516Seftes sop ure seppande,
517sene is on werlde,
518leiðe and lodlike,
519ðus we it leuen,
520manikines ðing
521alle manne to wissing.
522ðe spinnere on hire swid ge weveð,
523festeð atte hus rof,
524hire fodredes
525o rof er on ouese,
526so hire is on elde;
527werpeð ðus hire web,
528and weueð on hire wise.
529ðanne ge it haueð al idigt.
530ðeðen ge driueð,
531hitt hire in hire hole,
532oc ai ge it biholdeð
533til ðat ðer fleges faren
534and fallen ðer-inne,
535wiðeren in ðat web,
536and wilen ut wenden;
537ðanne renneð ge rapelike,
538for ge is ai redi,
539nimeð anon to ðe net
540and nimeð hem ðere,
541bitterlike ge hem bit
542and here bane wurðeð,
543drepeð and drinkeð here blod,
544doð ge hire non oðer god,
545bute fret hire fille,
546and dareð siðen stille.
547
page 16
548
SIGNIFICACIO.
549
550Ðis wirm bitokneð ðe man
551ðat oðer biswikeð
552on stede er on stalle,
553stille er lude,
554in mot er in market,
555er oni oðer wise,
556he him bit
557ðan he him bale felleð,
558and he drinkeð his blod
559wanne he him dreueð,
560and ðo freteð hem al,
561ðan he him iuel werkeð.
562
563
NATURA CETEGRANDIE.
564
565Cethegrande is a fis
566ðe moste ðat in water is;
567ðat tu wuldes seien get,
568gef ðu it soge wan it flet,
569ðat it were a neilond
570ðat fetesete one ðe se sond.
571ðis fis ðat is vnride,
572ðanne him hungreð he gapeð wide,
573vt of his ðrote it smit an onde,
574ðe swetteste ðing ðat is o londe;
575ðer-fore oðre fisses to him dragen,
576wan he it felen he aren fagen,
577he cumen and houen in his muð,
578of his swike he arn uncuð;
579ðis cete ðanne hise chaueles lukeð,
580ðise fisses alle in sukeð,
581ðe smale he wile ðus biswiken,
582ðe grete maig he nogt bigripen.
583ðis fis wuneð wið ðe se grund,
584and liueð ðer eure heil and sund,
page 17
585til it cumeð ðe time
586ðat storm stireð al ðe se,
587ðanne sumer and winter winnen;
588ne mai it wunen ðer-inne,
589So droui is te sees grund,
590ne mai he wunen ðer ðat stund,
591oc stireð up and houeð stille;
592wiles ðar weder is so ille,
593ðe sipes ðat arn on se fordriuen,
594loð hem is ded, and lef to liuen,
595biloken hem and sen ðis fis,
596an eilond he wenen it is,
597ðer-of he aren swiðe fagen,
598and mid here migt ðar-to he dragen,
599sipes on festen,
600and alle up gangen;
601Of ston mid stel in ðe tunder
602wel to brennen one ðis wunder,
603warmen hem wel and heten and drinken;
604ðe fir he feleð and doð hem sinken,
605for sone he diueð dun to grunde,
606he drepeð hem alle wið-uten wunde.
607
608
SIGNIFICACIO.
609
610Ðis deuel is mikel wið wil and magt,
611So wicches hauen in here craft,
612he doð men hungren and hauen ðrist,
613and mani oðer sinful list,
614tolleð men to him wið his onde,
615wo so him folegeð he findeð sonde;
616ðo arn ðe little in leue lage,
617ðe mikle ne maig he to him dragen:
618ðe mikle, i mene ðe stedefast
619in rigte leue mid fles and gast.
page 18
620wo so listneð deueles lore,
621on lengðe it sal him rewen sore;
622wo so festeð hope on him,
623he sal him folgen to helle dim.
624
625
NATURA SIRENE.
626
627In ðe se senden
628selcuðes manie;
629ðe mereman is
630a meiden ilike
631on brest and on bodi,
632oc al ðus ge is bunden;
633fro ðe noule niðerward
634ne is ge no man like,
635oc fis to fuliwis
636mid sinnes waxen.
637ðis wunder wuneð
638in wankel stede,
639ðer ðe water sinkeð,
640sipes ge sinkeð,
641and scaðe ðus werkeð
642mirie ge singeð ðis mere,
643and haueð manie stefnes,
644manie and sille,
645oc it ben wel ille;
646sipmen here steringe forgeten
647for hire stefninge,
648slumeren and slepen,
649and to late waken,
650ðe sipes sinken mitte suk,
651ne cumen he nummor up.
652Oc wise men and warre
653agen cunnencunen chare,
654ofte arn atbrosten,
655mid here brest ouel;
page 19
656he hauen herd told of ðis mere
657dat tus unie-mete,
658half man and half fis,
659sum ðing tokneð bi ðis.
660
661
SIGNIFICACIO.
662
663Fele men hauen ðe tokning
664of ðis forbisnede ðing,
665wiðuten weren wulues fel,
666wiðinnen arn he wulues al;
667he speken godcundhede,
668and wikke is here dede;
669here dede is al vncuð
670wið ðat spekeð here muð;
671twifold arn on mode,
672he sweren bi ðe rode,
673bi ðe sunne and bi ðe mone,
674and he ðe legen sone,
675mid here sage and mid here song
676he ðe swiken ðer imong,
677ðin agte wið swiking,
678ði soule wið lesing.
679
680
NATURA ELEPHANTIS.
681
682Elpes arn in Inde riche,
683on bodi borlic berges ilike;
684he to-gaddre gon o wolde,
685so sep ðat cumen ut of folde,
686and behinden he hem sampnen
687ðanne he sulen oðre strenen;
688Oc he arn so kolde of kinde
689ðat no golsipe is hem minde,
690til he noten of a gres,
691ðe name is mandragores,
692Siðen he bigeten on,
page 20
693and two ger he ðer-mide gon.
694ðog he ðre hundred ger
695on werlde more wuneden her,
696bigeten he neuermor non,
697so kold is hem siðen blod and bon;
698ðanne ge sal hire kindles beren,
699In water ge sal stonden,
700In water to mid side,
701ðat wanne hire harde tide,
702ðat ge ne falle niðer nogt,
703ðat is most in hire ðogt,
704For he ne hauen no lið
705ðat he mugen risen wið.
706Hu he resteð him ðis der,
709for he is al unride.
710A tre he sekeð to fuligewis,
711ðat is strong and stedefast is,
712and leneð him trostlike ðer-bi,
713ðanne he is of walke weri.
714ðe hunte haueð biholden ðis,
717to don hise willen;
718Sageð ðis tre and under-set,
719o ðe wise ðat he mai bet,
720and hileð it wel ðat he it nes war,
721ðanne he makeð ðer-to char,
722him seluen sit olon, bihalt,
723weðer his gin him out biwalt.
724ðanne cumeð ðis elp unride,
725and leneð him up on his side,
726slepeð bi ðe tre in ðe sadue,
727and fallen boden so to-gaddre;
page 21
728gef ðer is noman ðanne he falleð,
729he remeð and helpe calleð,
730remeð reufulike on his wise,
731hopeð he sal ðurg helpe risen;
732ðanne cumeð ðer on gangande,
733hopeð he sal him don ut standen,
734Fikeð and fondeð al his migt,
735ne mai he it forðen no wigt;
736Ne canne ðan non oðer,
737oc remeð mid his broðer,
738manie and mikle cume ðer sacande,
739wenen him on stalle maken,
740oc for ðe helpe of hem alle
741ne mai he cumen so on stalle;
742ðanne remen he alle a rem,
743so hornes blast oðer belles drem,
744For here mikle reming
745rennande cumeð a gungling,
746raðe to him luteð,
747his snute him under puteð,
748and mitte helpe of hem alle
749ðis elp he reisen on stalle;
750and tus atbrested ðis huntes breid,
751oðe wise ðat ic haue gu seid.
752
753
SIGNIFICACIO.
754
755Ðus fel adam ðurg a tre,
756vre firste fader, ðat fele we:
757Moyses wulde him reisen,
758migte it no wigt forðen;
759After him prophetes alle
760migte her non him maken on stalle,
761on stalle, i seie, ðer he er stod,
762to hauen heuenriche god.
page 22
763he suggeden and sorgeden and weren in ðogt,
764wu he migten him helpen ovt;
765ðo remeden he alle onder steuene
766alle hege up to ðe heuene,
767for here care and here calling
768hem cam to crist heuen king;
769he ðe is ai in heuene mikel,
770wurð her man, and tus was litel,
771drowing ðolede in ure manhede,
772and tus adam he under-gede,
773reisede him up, and al mankin,
774ðat was fallen to helle dim.
775
776
NATURA TURTURIS.
777
778In boke is ðe turtres lif
779writen o rime, wu lagelike
780ge holdeð luue al hire lif time;
781gef ge ones make haueð,
792non oðer wile ge more;
793buten one goð and one sit,
794and hire olde luue abit,
795In herte haueð him nigt and dai,
796so he were oliue ai.
797
page 23
798
SIGNIFICACIO.
799
820
821
NATURA PANTERE.
822
823Panter is an wilde der,
824Is non fairere on werlde her;
825he is blac so bro of qual,
826mið wite spottes sapen al,
827wit and trendled als a wel.
828and itt bicumeð him swiðe wel.
829wor so he wuneð ðis panter,
830he fedeð him al mid oðer der,
831of ðo ðe he wile he nimeð ðe cul
832and fet him wel til he is ful.
833In his hole siðen stille
834ðre dages he slepen wille,
page 24
835ðan after ðe ðridde dai
836he riseð and remeð lude so he mai,
837ut of his ðrote cumeð a smel
838mid his rem forð oueral,
839ðat ouer-cumeð haliweie
840wið swetnesse, ic gu seie,
841and al ðat eure smelleð swete,
842be it drie be it wete.
843For ðe swetnesse off his onde,
844wor so he walkeð o londe,
845wor so he walked, er wor so he wuneð,
846Ilk der ðe him hereð to him cumeð,
847and folegeð him up one ðe wold,
848for ðe swetnesse ðe ic gu haue told.
849ðe dragunes one ne stiren nout
850wiles te panter remeð ogt,
851oc daren stille in here pit,
852als so he weren of dede offrigt.
853
854
SIGNIFICACIO.
855
856Crist is tokned ðurg ðis der,
857wos kinde we hauen told gu her;
858for he is faier ouer alle men,
859so euen sterre ouer erðe fen;
860ful wel he taunede his luue to man,
861wan he ðurg holi spel him wan,
862and longe he lai her in an hole,
863wel him dat he it wulde ðolen;
864ðre daies slep he al on on,
865ðanne he ded was in blod and bon,
866vp he ros and remede i-wis
867of helle pine, of heuene blis,
868and steg to heuene uvemest,
869ðer wuneð wið fader and holi gast.
870Amonges men a swete smel
page 25
871he let her of his holi spel,
872wor-ðurg we mugen folgen him
873in-to his godcundne se fin.
874and ðat wirm ure wiðerwine,
875wor so of godes word is dine,
876ne dar he stiren, ne noman deren,
877ðer wile he lage and luue beren.
878
879
NATURA COLUMBE ET SIGNIFICACIO.
880
881Ðe culuer haueð costes gode,
882alle wes ogen to hauen in mode,
883seuene costes in hire kinde,
884alle it ogen to ben us minde,
885ge ne haueð in hire non galle,
886simple and softe be we alle;
887ge ne liueð nogt bi lagt;
888Ilc robbinge do we of bac.
889ðe wirm ge leteð and liueð bi ðe sed,
890of cristes lore we haue ned;
891wið oðre briddes ge doð as moder,
892so og ur ilk to don wið oðer;
893woning and groning is lic hire song,
894bimene we us, we hauen don wrong.
895In water ge is wis of heuekes come,
896and we in boke wið deules nome;
897In hole of ston ge makeð hire nest,
898In cristes milce ure hope is best.