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- Aelfric: The Old Testament
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Homilies (15)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/27.2)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/29)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Catholic Homilies (II/8)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (14)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (26)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (32)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Lives of Saints (9)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Sigefyrth
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Sigeweard ('On the Old and New Testament')
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Letter to Wulfsige
- Aelfric: Aelfric's First and Second Letters to Wulfstan (1)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's First and Second Letters to Wulfstan (2)
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Grammar
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Lives of Saints
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Catholic Homilies I
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Catholic Homilies II
- Aelfric: Aelfric's Preface to Genesis
- Aelfric: De Temporibus Anni
- Aethelwold: The Benedictine Rule
- Aldred: The Durham Ritual
- Aldred: Lindisfarne Gospels
- Alfred: Alfred's Boethius
- Alfred: Alfred's Cura Pastoralis
- Alfred: The Meters of Boethius
- Alfred: Alfred's Preface to Cura Pastoralis
- Alfred: Alfred's Preface to Soliloquies
- Anonymous: Adrian and Ritheus
- Anonymous: Aelred of Rielvaux's De Institutione Inclusarum (3)
- Anonymous: Aelred of Rielvaux's De Institutione Inclusarum (4)
- Anonymous: Alexander's Letter
- Anonymous: Laws (ALFRED)
- Anonymous: Alfred's Introduction to Laws
- Anonymous: Ancrene Wisse
- Anonymous: Andreas
- Anonymous: Apollonius of Tyre
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (Sweet-Whitelock 35)
- Anonymous: The New Testament (Authorized Version)
- Anonymous: The Old Testament (Authorized Version)
- Anonymous: Bede's Death Song
- Anonymous: Bede's Ecclesiastical History
- Anonymous: The Benedictine Rule
- Anonymous: Beowulf
- Anonymous: A Bestiary
- Anonymous: The Romance of Sir Beues of Hamtoun
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (BIRCH 451)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (10)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (17)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (2)
- Anonymous: The Blickling Homilies (6)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (10)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: Bodley Homilies (5)
- Anonymous: The Battle of Brunanburh
- Anonymous: Brut (1333)
- Anonymous: Caedmon's Hymn
- Anonymous: Satire on the Consistory Courts (HP6)
- Anonymous: Chad
- Anonymous: The Cyrurgie of Guy de Chauliac
- Anonymous: Christ
- Anonymous: Gregory's Chronicle
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS A Early (O2)
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS A Late
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS E (Early)
- Anonymous: Chronicle MS E (Late)
- Anonymous: The Cloud of Unknowing
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Commissioner of Customs (to Lord Clifford)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Privy Council (to Lord Rochester)
- Anonymous: Cursor Mundi
- Anonymous: Deor
- Anonymous: Depositions
- Anonymous: Dicts of Cato
- Anonymous: Digby Plays
- Anonymous: The Dream of the Rood
- Anonymous: Wulf and Eadwacer
- Anonymous: The Life of St. Edmund
- Anonymous: The Equatorie of the Planetis
- Anonymous: The Trial of the Earl of Essex
- Anonymous: Exodus
- Anonymous: The Fortunes of Men
- Anonymous: The Fox and Wolf in the Well
- Anonymous: Gregory the Great, Dialogues (MS H)
- Anonymous: Genesis
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (HARMER 12)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 18)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 2)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 4)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (HARMER 5)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (HARMER 7)
- Anonymous: Havelok
- Anonymous: The Proclamation of Henry III
- Anonymous: Hali Meidhad
- Anonymous: King Horn
- Anonymous: A Treatise on Horses
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (3)
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (4)
- Anonymous: Historical Poems (Harley 2253) (5)
- Anonymous: History of the Holy Rood-Tree
- Anonymous: Song of the Husbandman (HP2)
- Anonymous: Indenture
- Anonymous: Laws (INE)
- Anonymous: In Die Innocencium
- Anonymous: Interlude (Appendix to Dame Sirith)
- Anonymous: Judgements, London
- Anonymous: Juliane
- Anonymous: Kyng Alisaunder
- Anonymous: Katherine
- Anonymous: The Kentish Hymn
- Anonymous: The Kentish Psalm
- Anonymous: Kentish Sermons
- Anonymous: Lacnunga
- Anonymous: Laeceboc
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (1)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (14)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (15)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (3)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (4)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (7)
- Anonymous: Lambeth Homilies (8)
- Anonymous: Laws (Eleventh Century)
- Anonymous: Laws (LATE)
- Anonymous: The Leiden Riddle
- Anonymous: Vision of Leofric
- Anonymous: The Trial of Lady Alice Lisle
- Anonymous: Letter(s), London (to the King)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Lords of the Council (to the King)
- Anonymous: Proclamations, London
- Anonymous: Ludus Coventriae
- Anonymous: Mandeville's Travels
- Anonymous: Mankind
- Anonymous: Margarete
- Anonymous: A Passion of St Margaret
- Anonymous: Martyrology
- Anonymous: Marvels
- Anonymous: Maxims I
- Anonymous: A Hundred Mery Talys
- Anonymous: Man in the Moon
- Anonymous: The Earliest Complete English Prose Psalter
- Anonymous: The Metrical Psalms of the Paris Psalter
- Anonymous: The Northern Homily Cycle
- Anonymous: The Trial of Titus Oates
- Anonymous: Ohthere and Wulfstan (MS L)
- Anonymous: Ohthere and Wulfstan (MS G) (3)
- Anonymous: Alfred's Orosius
- Anonymous: The Panther
- Anonymous: The Partridge
- Anonymous: Penny Merriments
- Anonymous: Peri Didaxeon
- Anonymous: History of Sir John Perrott
- Anonymous: Petitions, London
- Anonymous: Petitions (M4), London
- Anonymous: The Peterborough Chronicle
- Anonymous: Phlebotomy
- Anonymous: Phoenix
- Anonymous: The Paris Psalter
- Anonymous: The Pricke of Conscience
- Anonymous: Prognostications (Caligula)
- Anonymous: Prognostications (CCCC)
- Anonymous: Prognostications (Hatton)
- Anonymous: Quadrupedibus
- Anonymous: The Trial of Sir Walter Raleigh
- Anonymous: Returns, London
- Anonymous: Satire on the Retinues of the Great (HP7)
- Anonymous: Riddles
- Anonymous: The Riming Poem
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 10)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 101)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 103)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 16)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (ROBERTSON 2)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 26)
- Anonymous: Documents 1 (ROBERTSON 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 32)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 41)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 44)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 46)
- Anonymous: Documents 2 (ROBERTSON 6)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 66)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 83)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 87)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 91)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (ROBERTSON 94)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 1)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 3)
- Anonymous: Documents 4 (Robertson, Appendix 4)
- Anonymous: Sermon (MS Royal 18 B)
- Anonymous: The Ruthwell Cross
- Anonymous: The Seafarer
- Anonymous: Dame Sirith
- Anonymous: The Siege of Jerusalem
- Anonymous: The Life of St. Edmund
- Anonymous: Solomon and Saturn
- Anonymous: Statutes (II)
- Anonymous: Statutes (III)
- Anonymous: Statutes (IV)
- Anonymous: Statutes (VII)
- Anonymous: A Homily for the Sixth (or Fourth) Sunday After Epiphany
- Anonymous: Sawles Warde
- Anonymous: Testaments and Wills, London
- Anonymous: Liber de Diversis Medicinis (Thornton MS)
- Anonymous: The Trial of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton
- Anonymous: The Thrush and the Nightingale
- Anonymous: Towneley Plays
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (12)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (20)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (23)
- Anonymous: Trinity Homilies (5)
- Anonymous: A Letter by the Fellow of Trinity College (to Lord Burghley)
- Anonymous: The Vespasian Psalter
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (3)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (32)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (33)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (42)
- Anonymous: Vespasian Homilies (48)
- Anonymous: Vices and Virtues (1)
- Anonymous: The Book of Vices and Virtues (4)
- Anonymous: The Wanderer
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES1)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES11)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES27)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/ES40)
- Anonymous: The Whale
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 13)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 14)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 15)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 16/1)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 19)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 20)
- Anonymous: Documents 3 (WHITELOCK 30)
- Anonymous: Widsith
- Anonymous: The Wife's Lament
- Anonymous: Laws (WILLIAM I)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S16)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S23)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S28)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S32)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S36)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S4)
- Anonymous: English Wycliffite Sermons (I/S43)
- Anonymous: West-Saxon Gospels
- Anonymous: The New Testament (Wycliffe)
- Anonymous: The Old Testament (Wycliffe)
- Anonymous: York Plays
- Armin, Robert: A Nest of Ninnies
- Ascham, Roger: The Scholemaster
- Aungier, Francis: Letter (to Lord Essex)
- Bacon, Francis: The Twoo Bookes of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning
- Barrington, John: Letters (to his mother)
- Barrington, Thomas: Letter (to his mother)
- Beaumont, Elizabeth: Letter (to her husband)
- Bedyll, Thomas: Letter (to Cromwell)
- Behn, Aphra: Oroonoko
- Betson, Thomas: Letter (to his bride) & Letters (to his mother-in-law)
- Blundevile, Thomas: A Briefe Description of the Tables of the Three Speciall Right Lines Belonging to a Circle
- Boyle, Robert: Electricity & Magnetism
- Brinsley, John: Ludus Literarius
- Burnet, Gilbert: The Reign of Charles the Second
- Burnet, Gilbert: Biography of the Earl of Rochester
- Byrhtferth: Byrhtferth's Manual
- Capel, Arthur: Letters (to the King)
- Capgrave, John: Capgrave's Chronicle
- Capgrave, John: Capgrave's Sermon
- Caxton, William: Prologues and Epilogues
- Caxton, William: The History of Reynard the Fox
- Cecil, Robert: Letters (to Sir Thomas Edmondes)
- Cecil, William: Letter (to the University of Cambridge)
- Cely, George: Letters (to his father)
- Cely, Richard: Letters (to his brother)
- Charles II: Letters (to Lord Essex)
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: A Treatise on the Astrolabe
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: Boethius
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Wife of Bath's Prologue
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Tale of Melibee
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Merchant's Tale
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Parson's Tale
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales
- Chaucer, Geoffrey: The Summoner's Tale
- Clowes, William: Treatise for the Artificiall Cure of Struma
- Colville, George: Boethius
- Conway, Edward: Letter (to Lord Buckingham)
- Coverte, Robert: A Trve and Almost Incredible Report of an Englishman
- Cromwell, Gregory: Letters (to his father)
- Cromwell, Thomas: Letter (to the Earl of Chester)
- Cumberland, Eleanor: Letter (to her husband)
- Cynewulf: Fates of Apostles
- Cynewulf: Elene
- Cynewulf: Juliana
- Deloney, Thomas: Jack of Newbury
- Edmondes, Thomas: Letter (to Sir Robert Cecil)
- Edward VI: The Diary of Edward VI
- Elizabeth I: Boethius
- Elizabeth I: Letter (to Sir Thomas Edmondes) & Letter (to Sir Robert Cecil)
- Elyot, Thomas: The Boke Named the Gouernour
- Evelyn, John: Diary of John Evelyn
- Everard, Joan: Letters (to her mother)
- Fabyan, Robert: The New Chronicles of England and France
- Farman: Rushworth Gospels
- Farquhar, George: The Beaux Stratagem
- Ferrar, Nicholas: Letter (to his mother)
- Ferrar, Richard: Letter (to his mother)
- Fiennes, Celia: My Great Journey to Newcastle and to Cornwall
- Fisher, John: Sermon (against Luther) & Sermon (on Good Friday)
- Fitzherbert, Anthony: The Book of Husbandry
- Fitzjames, Richard: Sermo Die Lune in Ebdomada Pasche
- Forman, Simon: Autobiography and Personal Diary of Dr. Simon Forman
- Fox, George: Journal of George Fox
- Fryer, John: A New Account of East India and Persia
- Gawdy, Philip: Letter (to his father)
- Gaytryge, Dan Jon: Dan Jon Gaytryge's Sermon
- Gifford, George: A Handbook on Witches and Witchcraft
- Gloucester, Robert: The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester
- Gower, John: Confessio Amantis
- Haddock, Nicholas: Letter (to his father)
- Haddock, Richard Jr: Letter (to his father)
- Haddock, Richard Sr: Letters (to his wife) & Letters (to his son)
- Harley, Brilliana: Letters (to her husband)
- Harman, Thomas: A Caveat or Warening for Commen Cursetors Vulgarely Called Vagabones
- Hatton, Alice: Letters (to her father)
- Hatton, Anne: Letters (to her father)
- Hatton, Charles: Letter (to his wife)
- Hatton, Elizabeth: Letter (to her son)
- Hatton, Frances: Letter (to her husband)
- Hayward, John: Annals of the First Four Years of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth
- Henry V: Letters (to a Bishop) & Letter (to -)
- Henry V: Letter(s) (to Mayor of London)
- Henry VIII: Letter (to the Earl of Surrey) & Letter (to the citizens of London)
- Henry, Philip: Letter (to his wife)
- Hilton, Walter: Eight Chapters on Perfection
- Hoby, Margaret: Diary of Margaret Hoby
- Hooke, Robert: Micrographia
- Hooker, Richard: Sermon upon part of S. Judes Epistle (1) & Sermon upon part of S. Judes Epistle (2)
- Hoole, Charles: A New Discovery of the Old Art of Teaching Schoole
- Howard, Thomas: Letter (to the King)
- Kempe, Margery: The Book of Margery Kempe
- Knyvett, Thomas: Letters (to his wife)
- Langford, T.: Plain and Full Instructions to Raise All Sorts of Fruit-Trees That Prosper in England
- Latimer, Hugh: Sermon (on ploughers) & Sermon (before Edward VI)
- Layamon: Layamon's Brut
- Leland, John: Itinerary
- Locke, John: Directions Concerning Education
- Machyn, Henry: The Diary of Henry Machyn
- Madox, Richard: Diary of Richard Madox
- Malory, Thomas: Morte Darthur
- Mannyng, Robert: Handlyng Synne
- Markham, Gervase: Countrey Contentments
- Masham, Elizabeth: Letters (to her mother)
- Metham, John: Days of the Moon
- Metham, John: Physiognomy
- Michel, Dan: Ayenbite of Inwyt
- Middleton, Thomas: A Chaste Maid in Cheapside
- Milton, John: The History of Britain
- Mirk, John: Festial
- More, Thomas: Letter (to his wife) & Letters (to his daughter)
- More, Thomas: The History of King Richard III
- More, Thomas: Letters (to Cardinal Wolsey)
- Mowntayne, Thomas: The Autobiography of Thomas Mowntayne
- Mull, Thomas: Letter (to his brother-in-law) & Letter (to his relative)
- Norwich, Julian: Revelations of Divine Love
- Orm: The Ormulum
- Osborne, Thomas: Letters (to Lord Essex)
- Oxinden, Elizabeth: Letters (to her mother-in-law)
- Oxinden, Henry: Letters (to his wife)
- Oxinden, Katherine: Letter (to her son)
- Oxinden, Richard: Letters (to his son)
- Paston, Clement: Letters (to his brother)
- Paston, John: Letters (to his brother)
- Paston, Katherine: Letters (to her son)
- Paston, Margaret: Letters (to her husbard)
- Paston, William: Letters
- Paston, William: Letters (to his mother)
- Pepys, Samuel: Diary of Samuel Pepys
- Pettit, Valentine: Letters (to her son)
- Peyton, Mary: Letter (to her daughter)
- Pinney, Jane: Letter (to her daughter) & Letter (to her husband)
- Pinney, John: Letter (to his daughter)
- Plumpton, Agnes: Letters (to her husband)
- Plumpton, Dorothy: Letter (to her father)
- Plumpton, Isabel: Letter (to her husband)
- Plumpton, Robert: Letter (to his mother)
- Plumpton, William: Letters (to his father) & Letter (to his son)
- Preston, Viscount: Boethius
- Proud, Mary: Letter (to her mother)
- Purvey, John: The Prologue to the Bible
- Record, Robert: The Path-Way to Knowledg, Containing the First Principles of Geometrie
- Reynes, Robert: Commonplace Book (Tanner MS 407)
- Rolle, Richard: The Bee and the Stork
- Rolle, Richard: The Psalter or Psalms of David
- Rolle, Richard: Prose Treatises
- Roper, Margaret: Letters (to his father)
- Roper, William: The Lyfe of Sir Thomas Moore, Knighte
- Scrope, Katherine: Letter (to her father)
- Shakespeare, William: The Merry Wives of Windsor
- Shillingford, John: Document(s) (Shillingford)
- Shillingford, John: Letter (to his fellows)
- Smith, Henry: Two Sermons on "Of Usurie" (1) & Two Sermons on "Of Usurie" (2)
- Somers, John: Letter (to the King)
- Spencer, Robert: Letters (to the King's agent)
- Stevenson, William: Gammer Gvrtons Nedle
- Stonor, Elizabeth: Letters (to her husband)
- Stow, John: The Chronicles of England from Brute unto This Present Yeare of Christ
- Strype, John: Letters (to his mother)
- Taylor, Jeremy: The Marriage Ring
- Taylor, John: The Pennyles Pilgrimage
- Tillotson, John: Sermon on "The Folly of Scoffing at Religion" & Sermon on "Of the Tryall of the Spirits"
- Torkington, Richard: Ye Oldest Diarie of Englysshe Travell
- Trevisa, John: Polychronicon
- Tunstall, Cuthbert: Letter (to the King)
- Turner, William: Book of Wines
- Tyndale, William: The New Testament (Tyndale)
- Tyndale, William: The Old Testament (Tyndale)
- Udall, Nicholas: Roister Doister
- Usk, Thomas: Appeal(s), London
- Vanbrugh, John: The Relapse
- Vicary, Thomas: The Anatomie of the Bodie of Man
- Waerferth: Gregory the Great, Dialogues (MS C)
- Walton, Izaak: The Compleat Angler
- Wolsey, Thomas: Letter (to the King)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's 'Institutes of Polity'
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (10C)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (12)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (13)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (17)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (1B)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (2)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (20)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (3)
- Wulfstan: Wulfstan's Homilies (8C)
1B22.1
page 1
2Her is seo gesegenis alexandres epistoles þæs miclan
3kyninges & þæs mæran macedoniscan þone he
4wrat & sende to aristotile his magistre be gesetenisse
5indie þære miclan þeode, & be þære widgalnisse
6his siðfato RYPINS: siðfata & his fora, þe he geond
7middangeard ferde.
8Cwæþ he þus sona ærest in fruman þæs epistoles.
9Simle ic beo gemindig, ge efne betweoh tweondan frecennisse
10ura gefeohta, þu min se leofesta lareow
11& efne to minre meder & geswystrum þu me eart se
12leofesta freond.
13Ond for þon þe ic þe wiste wel getydne in wisdome, þa
14geþohte ic for þon to þe to writanne be
15þæm þeodlonde indie, & be heofenes gesetenissum & be
16þæm unarimdum cynnum nædrena, & monna, &
17wildeora, to þon þæt hwæthwygo to þære ongietenisse
18þissa minra þinga þin gelis & glengista geþeode.
19þeah RYPINS: þeoh
page 2
20to þe seo gefylde gleawnis & snyttro næniges
21fultumes abædeð sio lar þæs rihtes hwæþere
22ic wolde þæt þu mine dæde ongeate, þa þu lufast & þa
23þing þe ungesewene mid þe siond, þa ic in
24indie geseah þurh monigfeald gewin & þurh micle
25frecennisse mid greca herige.
26þa ic þe write & cyþe, & æghwylc þara is wyrðe
27synderlice in gemyndum to habbanne æfter þære wisan
28þe ic hit oferseah.
29Ne gelyfde ic æniges monnes gesegenum swa fela wundorlicra
30þinga þæt hit swa beon mihte ær ic hit
31self minum eagum ne gesawe.
32Seo eorðe is to wundrienne hwæt heo ærest oþþe godra
33þinga cenne, oððe eft þara yfelra, þe heo
34þæm sceawigendum is æteowed.
35Hio is cennende þa fulcuþan & wecga oran, & wunderlice
36wyhta, þa þing eall þæm monnum þe hit geseoð
37& sceawigað wæron uneþe to gewitanne for þære
38missenlicnisse þara hiowa.
39Ac þa ðing þe me nu in gemynd cumað ærest þa ic þe
40write, þy læs on me mæge idel spellung
page 3
41oþþe scondlic leasung beon gestæled.
42Hwæt þu eac sylfa const þa gecynd mines modes mec a
43gewunelice healdon þæt gemerce soðes & rihtes.
44Ond ic sperlicor mid wordum sægde þonne hie mid dædum
45gedon wærun.
46Nu ic hwæþre gehyhte & gelyfe þæt þu þas þing ongete
47swa þu me ne talige owiht gelpan & secgan be
48þære micelnisse ures gewinnes & compes.
49For ðon ic oft wiscte & wolde þæt hyra læs wære swa
50gewinfulra.
51Ic ðæs þoncunge do greca herige & swyðost þæm
52mægene þære iuguþe & þæm unforswyþdum urum weorode,
53for þon on ieþum þingum hie me mid wæron & on þæm
54earfeðum no from bugon.
55Ac hie on þære geþylde mid me a wunedon þæt ic wæs
56nemned ealra kyninga kyning.
57þara weorðmynta blissa þu min se leofa lareow.
58Ond ic nu þas þing write to þe gemænelice & to olimphiade
59minre meder & minum geswustrum for þon
60incer lufu sceal beon somod gemæne.
61And gif hit
page 4
62oþor bið, þonne æteawest þu læsson þonne
63ic nu ær to þe gelyfde.
64On þæm ærrum gewritum þe ic þe sende, ic þe cyþde &
65getacnode be þære asprungnisse sunnan & monan
66& be tungla rynum & gesetenissum & be lyfte tacnungum.
67þa ðing eall ne magon elcor beon buton micelre gemynde swa
68geendebyrded, & forestihtod.
69Ond nu þas niwan spel ic þe ealle in cartan awrite.
70ðonne þu hie ræde, þonne wite þu þæt hie ealle swylce
71wæron, Swa þam gemyndum gedafenode þines
72alexandres þe to sendanne.
73On maius þæm monþe persea se kyning dariun æt gande
74þære ea we hine oforcwomon, & oferswyðdon,
75& us þær in onweald geslogon eal his londrice.
76Ond we þær settan & geendebyrdedon ure gerefan þæm
77eastþeodum & monegum cynelicum weorðmyndum
78we wæron gewelgode.
79On þæm ærron epistole ic þe þæt sægde, & þy læs
80þæt eow seo sægen monifealdlicor bi þon þuhte
page 5
81to writanne, ic þa wille swa lætan, & þa secgon þe nu
82ðær gewurdon.
83On iulius monðe on þæm ytemestum dagum þæs monðes we
84cwomon in indie lond in fasiacen þa stowe.
85Ond we þa mid wunderlicre hreðnisse porrum þone cyning
86ofercwomon & oferswyðdon.
87Ond we ealle his þeode on onwald onfengon, & þæm londe we
88wæron monegum cynelicum weolum geweorðode.
89Ac ic wolde þæt þu þa ðing ongeate þa ðe weorðe
90sindon in gemyndum to habbanne.
91ærest ic þe write be þære unarimedlican mengeo his
92weoredes, þæs wæs buton unarimedlican feþum,
93sixtene þusend monna & eahta hund eored manna ealle mid
94heregeatwum gegerede.
95And we þa þær genoman feower hund elpenda, & on þam
96ufan stodon gewæpnode scyttan, & þa torras
97& þa scylfas on him bæron þa elpendas þe ða byrnwigon
98onstodan.
99æfter þon we ða cynelican burh porres mid urum wæpnum in
100eodon.
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101Ond his healle & þa cynelican geseto his sceawedon.
102þær RYPINS: þar wæron gyldene columnan swiðe micle &
103trumlice & fæste, ða wæron unmetlice greate heanisse
104upp, ðara wæs þe we gerimdon be þæm gemete cccc.
105þa wagas wæron eac gyldne mid gyldnum þelum anæglede
106fingres þicce.
107Mid þy ic ða wolde geornlicor þa þing geseon & furðor
108eode þa geseah ic gyldenne wingeard trumlicne
109& fæstlicne, & þa twigo his hongodon geond þa
110columnan.
111ða wundrode ic þæs swiðe.
112Wæron in þæm wingearde gyldenu leaf & his hon & his
113wæstmas wæron cristallum & smaragdus, eac þæt
114gimcyn mid þæm cristallum ingemong hongode.
115His brydburas & his heahcleofan ealle wæron eorcnanstanum
116unionibus & carbunculis þæm gimcynnum
117swiðast gefrætwode.
118Uton hie wæron elpendbanum geworhte þa wæron wunderlice
119hwite & fægere & cypressus styde & laurisce
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120hie utan wreþedon, & gyldne styþeo.
121Hie uton wreþedon & aþrawene ðær RYPINS: ðar
122ingemong stodon, & unarimedlicu goldhord þær wæron
123inne & ute & monifealdlicu hie wæron & missenlicra cynna.
124And monig fatu gimmiscu & cristallisce dryncfatu & gyldne
125sestras ðær wæron forð borenne.
126seldon we þær ænig seolfor fundon.
127Siðþan ic þa me hæfde þas þing eall be gewealdum, þa
128wilnode ic indeum innanwearde to geseonne.
129ða becwom ic on caspiam þæt lond mid ealle mine herige.
130þa wæs ðær seo wæstmberendeste eorþe ðæs þeodlondes.
131And ic swiðe wundrade þa gesælignesse þære eorðan & ic
132swiðe wundrade þa gesælignesse þære eorðan
133& ic efne gefeonde in minum mode geornlicor ða lond
134sceawigean wolde.
135þa sægdon us ða bigengean þæs londes þæt we us
136warnigan scoldon wið þa missenlican
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137cynd nædrena & hrifra wildeora þy læs we on ða becwomon.
138þæra mænego in ðissum dunum & denum & on wudum, & on
139feldum eardigeað & in stanholum hie selfe digliað.
140Ac hwæþre ma ic wolde þæm frecnan wege & siðfatum
141foeran ðonne þæm gehyldrum wegum, to ðon þæt
142ðone fleondon porrum of þæm gefeohte þæt ic hine
143gemette ær he on þa westenu middangeardes gefluge.
144Ic me ða mid genom cc ladþeowa & eac l þe ða
145genran wegas cuðan þara siðfato.
146ða ferde we in agustes monþe þurh þa weallendan sond, &
147þurh þa wædlan stowe wætres & ælcere wætan.
148And ic mede gehet þæm us cuþlice gelæddon þurh þa
149uncuðan land indie & mec wolde mid mine herige
150onsund gelædon in patriacen þæt lond.
151And swiðast ic wilnade þæt hie me gelæddon to þæm
152dioglum godwebwyrhtum, ða þonne wunderlice of
153sunnan treowcynne & of his leafum & of his flyse, þæs
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154treowes spunnon & swa eac to godewebbe wæfon & worhtan.
155Ac hie þa londliode tiolodon ma ussa feonda willan to
156gefremmanne þonne urne, for þon þe hie us
157gelæddon þurh þa lond þe þa unarefnedlican cyn
158nædrena & hrifra wildeora in wæron.
159ða ongeat ic selfa & geseah of dæle þæt me þa earfeðu
160becwoman.
161For þon ic ær forlet & ne gymde þara nytlicra geþeahta
162minra freonda & þara monna þe me þæt logon
163þæt ic þæm wegum ferde.
164ða bebead ic minum þegnum & hie het þæt hie hie mid
165heora wæpnum gereden, & mid þy herige forð ferdon.
166And hie eac swylce þæt min weorod & þa mine þegnas & eal
167min here goldes & eorcnanstana þæt hie
168gehergad, & genumen hæfdon micel gemet mid him wægon &
169læddon.
170For þon hie wendon & ondredon gif hie hit behindon forleton
171þæt hiora fynd hit þonne deagollice
172genomon & onweg aleddon.
173Ond efne swiðe þa mine þegnas
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174& eal min weorod wæs
175gewelgod þæt hie uneðe ealle þa byrðene þæs goldes
176mid him aberan & alædan meahton.
177Swelce eac heora wæpena noht lytel byrðen wæs for þon
178eal heora wæpenu þæra minra þegna & ealles
179mines weoredes & heriges ic hie mid gyldenum þelum
180bewyrcean.
181Ond eall min weorod wæs on þa gelicnesse tungles oððe
182ligite for þære micelnisse þæs goldes.
183Hit scan & berhte, foran swa ymb me uton mid þrymme &
184herebeacen & segnas beforan me læddon.
185Ond swa micel wundor & wæfersien wæs þæs mines weoredes
186on fægernisse ofer ealle oþre þeodkyningas
187þe in middangearde wæron.
188ða sceawede ic seolfa & geseah mine gesælinesse & min
189wuldor & þa fromnisse minre iuguðe & gesælignisse
190mines lifes, þa wæs ic hwæthwugo in gefean in
191minum mode ahafen.
192ac swa hit oft gesæleð on þæm
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193selran þingum & on þæm
194gesundrum, þæt seo wyrd & sio hiow hie oft
195oncyrreð & on oþer hworfeð, þa gelomp us þæt we
196wurdon earfoðlice mid þurste geswencte & gewæcte.
197ðone þurst we þonne earfoðlice abæron & aræfndon, þa
198wæs haten seferus min þegn funde þa wæter in
199anum holan stane & þa mid ane helme hlod hit & me to brohte.
200And he sylfa þursti wæs se min þegn, & hwæþre he
201swiðor mines feores & gesynto wilnade þonne his selfes.
202þa he þa þæt wæter me to brohte swa ic ær sægde þa
203het ic min weorod & ealle mine duguþe tosomne,
204& hit þa beforan heora ealra onsyne niðer ageat, þy
205læs ic drunce & þone minne þegn þyrste &
206minne here & ealne þe mid me wæs.
207Ond ic þa beforan him eallum herede seferes dæde þæs
208mines þegnes, & hine beforan hiora ealra
209onsione mid deorweorðum
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210gyfum gegeafede for ðære dæde.
211Ond þa mid þy þe þæt min werod gehyrted & gestilled
212wæs, þa ferdon we forð þy wege þe we ær ongunnon
213ða næs long to þon in þæm westenne þæt we to sumre
214ea cwoman.
215On þære ea ofre stod hreod & pintreow & abies þæt
216treowcyn ungemetlicre gryto & micelnysse þy clyfe
217weox & wridode.
218þa we to þære ea cwoman, ða het ic for ðæm
219unarefnedlican þurste þe me selfum getenge wæs & eac
220eallum minum herige & þæm nytenum þe us mid wæron mine
221fyrd restan & wician.
222Mid þy we ða gewicod hæfdon ða wolde ic minne þurst
223lehtan & celan.
224þa ic þæt wæter bergde ða wæs hit biterre & grimre to
225drincanne þonne ic æfre ænig oðer bergde.
226And nowþer ne hit se mon drincan meahte ne his ænig neat
227onbitan ne meahte.
228þa wæs ic swiðe on minum mode generwed for ðæm dumbum
229nytenum, for þon ic wiste þæt men yþelicor
230meahton þone þurst arefnan þonne þa
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231nietenu.
232Wæs þæra feðerfota nietena micel mænigeo mid me & micel
233mænigeo elpenda þa þe gold wægon & læddon
234ungemetlicre micelnisse ðusend, & twa þusenda horsa &
235cccc buton þæm eoreda, & xx þusenda
236feþena.
237þonne wæs þridde healf þusend mula ðe þa seamas
238wægon, & xxx þusenda ealfarena & oxna þa ðe hwæte
239bæron, twa þusenda olfenda, fif hund hryðra þara
240þe mon dæghwamlice to mete dyde.
241Wæs unrim getæl eac þon on horsum & on mulum & on
242olfendum & on elpendum ungemetlicu mængeo us
243æfter ferde.
244Ealle þa wæron mid unarefnedlice þurste geswencte &
245gewæcte.
246ða men þonne hwilum hie þa iren geloman liccodan hwilum
247hie ele byrgdon & on þon þone grimman þurst
248celdon.
249Sume men ðonne of hiora scome þa wætan for þæm nyde
250þigdon.
251Seo wise wæs þa in me on twa healfa uneþe
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252SPACE FOR TWO CHARACTERS ærest be minre seolfre
253nedþearfe, & mines weorodes.
254Het ic þa ælcne mon hine mid his wæpnum gegerwan, & faran
255forð & þæt eac fæstlice bebead ðæt se
256mon se ne wære mid his wæpnum æfter fyrd wison gegered,
257þæt hine mon scolde mid wæpnum acwellan.
258ða wundredon hie swiðe for hwon hie þa hefignesse &
259micelnisse ðara wæpna in swa miclum þurste
260beran scoldon þær nænig feond ne æteowde.
261Ac ic wiste hwæþre þæt ure for & siðfæt wæs þurh þa
262lond & stowe þe missenlicra cynna eardung in
263wæs, nædrena & rifra wildeora.
264Ond we we ðe þæs londes ungleawe & unwise wæron, þæt
265usic ðonne semninga hwelc earfeðo on becwome.
266Ferdon we þa forð be þære ea ofre, ða wæs seo eatoðe
267tid dæges.
268þa cwoman we to sumre byrig, seo burh wæs on midre þære
269ea in anum eglonde getimbred.
270Wæs seo burh mid þy hreode & treowcynne þe on þære
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271ea ofre weox & we ær biwriton & sægdon asett & geworht.
272ða gesawon we in þære byrig & ongeaton mennisce men fea
273healf nacode eardigende.
274ða hie þa us gesawon hie selfe sona in heora husum
275deagollice hie miþan. ða wilnade ic þara monna
276onsyne to geseonne, þæt hie us fersc wæter & swete
277getæhton.
278Mid þy we ða longe bidon & us nænig mon to wolde þa
279het ic fea stræla sendan in þa burh innan,
280to þon gif hie hiera willum us to noldon þæt hie for
281þæm ege þæs gefeohtes nede scoldon.
282ða wæron hie þy swyðor afyrhte & hie fæstor hyddan.
283þa het ic cc minra þegna of greca herige leohtum
284wæpnum hie gegyrwan, & hie on sunde to þære
285byrig foron & swumman ofer æfter þære ea to þæm
286eglande.
287þa hie ða hæfdon feorðan dæl þære ea geswummen, ða
288becwom sum ongrislic wise on hie.
289þæt wæs þonne nicra mengeo on onsione maran & unhyrlicran
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290þonne ða elpendas in ðone grund þære
291ea & betweoh ða yða þæs wæteres þa men besencte & mid
292heora muðe hie sliton & blodgodon & hie ealle
293swa fornamon, þæt ure nænig wiste hwær hiora æni cwom.
294ða wæs ic swiðe yrre þæm minum ladþeowum, þa us on
295swylce frecennissa gelæddon.
296Het hiera ða bescufan in þa ea l & c & sona þæs
297ðe hie inne wæron, swa wæron þa nicoras gearwe
298tobrudon hie swa hie þa oðre ær dydon, & swa þicce
299hie in þære ea aweollon swa æmettan ða nicras,
300& swilc unrim heora wæs.
301þa het ic blawan mine byman & þa fyrd faran.
302þa hit ða wæs sio endlefte tid dæges & we forð ferdon.
303ða gesawon we men æfter þære ea feran, hæfdon of þæm
304hreode & of þæm treowcynne þe in ðære ea ofre
305stodon on scipwisan geworht þæt hie onufan sæton.
306þa men
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307mid þy we æfter ferscum wætre hie frunon, þa
308onswaredon hie us & sædon hwær we hit findan
309mehton in hiora gereorde & cwædon þæt we fundon sumne
310swiðe micelne mere in þæm wære fersc wæter
311& swete genog, & þæt we genog raðe to þæm
312becwoman gif we geornfulle wæron.
313And þa for þæm þingum swa monigra geswencnissa þæt we
314ealle þa niht ferdon mid þurste gewæcte
315& mid ura wæpna byrþenum swiðe geswencte.
316And ofer ealle þa niht ðe we ferdon þæt us symle leon &
317beran & tigris & pardus & wulfas ure ehtan,
318& we þæm wiðstodon.
319þa ðy æftran dæge ða hit wæs seo eahtoðe tid
320dæges, þa cwomon we to þæm mere ðe us mon ær foresæde.
321þa wæs he eall mid wudu beweaxen mile brædo, wæs
322hwæþre weg to ðæm wætre.
323ða wæs ic gefeonde þæs swetan wætres & þæs ferscan &
324þa sona minne þurst ærest gelehte
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325& þa eal
326min weored, ða het ic wætrian sona ure hors & ure nieteno
327eall wæron hie swiðe mid þurste fornumene
328ða het ic sioððan sona þa fyrd wician.
329Wæs seo wicstow ða on lengo xxes furlonga long, &
330swa eac in brædo.
331Sioðþan hie þa gewicod hæfdon, þa het ic ceorfan ða
332bearwas & þone wudu fyllan þæt monnum wære
333þy eþre to þæm wæterscipe to ganganne, & to þæm
334mere þe we bi gewicod hæfdon.
335þa het ic ða gesamnian eall þa ure hors & nietenu &
336elpendas & hie het gebringan on middum þæm urum
337wicum, & betwih þæm geteldum, þy læs hiora ænig to
338lore wurde, for þon us wæs uncuð hwæt us
339on nihtlicum fyrste gesælde.
340And þa het ic eac of þæm wudo þe ðær gefylled wæs
341þæt mon fyr onælde, sio fyrd þe mid me wæs
342þa didon hie swa.
343And þa ðær onældon þusend fyra & eac fif hund, for þon
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344ic þæt dyde gif us on niht uncuðes hwæt
345on becwome þæt we hæfdon æt þæm fyre leoht & fullaste.
346þa we þara fyra hæfdon onæled swa fela swa us þa ðuhte,
347þa bleow man mine byman & ic mete þigde
348& eall min fyrd swa dyde.
349Wæs hit þa an tid to æfenes, & þa het ic onbærnan ðara
350gyldenra leohtfato þe ic mid me hæfde twa þusendo.
351ða toforan monan upgonge þa cwomon þær scorpiones þæt
352wyrmcyn swa hie ær gewunelice wæron þæs wætersciepes.
353Wæs þæra wyrma micel mænegeo & heora wæs unrim & hie
354swiðe on þa ure wic onetton & in þa feollon.
355ða æfter þon cwoman þær hornede nædran carastis þæt
356nædercyn.
357þa wæron ealle missenlices hiwes, for þon hie wæron sume
358reode, sume blace, sume hwite.
359Sumum þonne scinan þa scilla & lixtan swylce hie wæron
360gyldne þonne mon onlocode.
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361eall þæt lond hleoðrade for þara wyrma hwistlunge, & us
362eac noht lytel ege from him wæs.
363Ac we þa mid scyldum us scyldan, & eac mid longsceaftum
364sperum hie slogan & cwealdon monige eac in fyre forburnon.
365þas ðing we þus drugon þæt we swa wið þam wyrmum
366fuhtan & wunnan huru twa tida þære nihte.
367Sioðþan hie þa wyrmas hæfdon ondruncen þæs wætres þa
368gewiton hie þonon, & ure no ne ehton.
369ða wæs seo þridde tid þære nihte, þa wolde we us
370gerestan, þa cwoman þær nædran eft wunderlicran
371þonne ða oþre wæron & egeslicran.
372þa hæfdon tu heafdo & eac sume hæfdon þreo.
373Wæron hie wunderlicre micelnisse, wæron hie swa greate swa
374columnan ge eac sume uphyrran & gryttran,
375cwoman þa wyrmas of þæm neahdunum & scrafum þider
376to þon þæt hie þæt wæter drincan woldon.
377Eodon þa wyrmas & scluncon wundorlice, wæron him þa
378breost upgewende & on ðæm
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379hricge eodon, &
380a swa hie hit geforan gelice mid þæm scillum gelice mid
381ðe muþe ða eorþan sliton & tæron.
382Hæfdon hie þa wyrmas þrieslite tungan & þonne hie
383eðedon þonne eode him of þy muðe mid þy oroþe
384swylce byrnende þecelle.
385Wæs þæra wyrma oroð & eþung swiðe deadberende &
386æterne & for hiora þæm wolbeorendan oroðe monige
387men swulton.
388Wið þissum wyrmum we fuhton leng þonne ane tide þære
389nihte, & hie þa wyrmas acwealdon xxxtig
390monna þære fyrde, & minra agenra þegna xx.
391ða bæd ic þa fyrde hwæþre þæt hie hæfdon god ellen
392þara þinga þe us on becwomon swa monigra geswencnissa
393& earfeðo.
394þa hit wæs seo fifte tid þære nihte, þa mynton we us
395gerestan, ac þa cwoman þær hwite leon in fearra
396gelicnisse swa micle & hie ealle swiðe grymetende ferdon.
397Mid þy ða leon þyder cwoman þa ræsdon hie sona on us &
398we us wið him sceldan þæs ðe we
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399mihton &
400us wæs swælc geswencnis & swilc earfeþo mid deorum
401becymen in þære sweartan niht & in þære þystran.
402Swelce eac laforas þær cwoman unmætlicre micelnisse, &
403monig oþer wildeor & eac tigris us on þære
404nihte þar abisgodon.
405Swelce þær eac cwoman hreaþemys þa wæron in culefrena
406gelicnesse swa micle, & þa on ure ondwlitan
407sperdon & us pulledon.
408Hæfdon hie eac þa hreaþemys teð in monna gelicnisse, &
409hie mid þæm þa men wundodon & tæron.
410Eac ðæm oþrum bisgum & geswencnissum þe us on becwom,
411þa cwom semninga swiðe micel deor sum mare
412þonne þara oðra ænig.
413Hæfde þæt deor þrie hornas on foran heafde & mid þæm
414hornum wæs egeslice gewæpnod.
415þæt deor indeos hatað dentes tyrannum .
416Hæfde þæt deor horse gelic heafod, & wæs blæces heowes.
417ðis deor mid þy ðe hit þæs wætres ondronc, þa beheold
418hit þa ure wicstowe, & þa semninga on us & on ure
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419wicstowe ræsde.
420Ne hit for þæm bryne wandode þæs hatan leges & fyres þe
421him wæs ongean, ac hit ofer eall wod & eode.
422Mid þy ic þa getrymede þæt mægen greca heriges, & we
423us wið him scyldan woldon, þa hit ofsloh
424sona minra þegna xxvi ane ræse, & lii hit oftræd,
425& hie to loman gerenode þæt hie mec nænigre
426note nytte beon meahton.
427& we hit þa unsofte mid strælum & eac mid longsceaftum
428sperum of scotadon & hit ofslogon & acwealdon.
429þa hit wæs foran to uhtes, þa æteowde þær wolberende
430lyft hwites hiowes, & eac missenlices wæs heo
431on hringwisan fag, & monige men for heora þæm
432wolberendan stence swulton mid þære wolbeorendan
433lyfte þe þær swelc æteowde.
434þa ðær cwoman eac indisce mys in þa fyrd in foxa
435gelicnisse and in heora micle.
436ða þonne ure feþerfotnietenu
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437bitan & wundedon & monige for hiora wundum swultan.
438þara monna hit þonne ælc gedigde, þeah hie heora
439hwelcne gewundodan.
440ða hit wæs toforan dæges þa cwoman þær þa fugelas,
441nocticoraces hatton, wæron in wealhhafoces
442gelicnesse, wæron hie þa fugelas brunes hiowes, & him
443wæron þa nebb & þa clea ealle blace.
444þa fuglas ybsæton eallne þone ofer þæs meres, & þa
445fuglas us nænige laðe ne yfle ne wæron, ac hie
446þa gewunelican fixas þe in þæm mere wæron mid hiora
447cleum uptugon & þa tæron.
448ða fuglas þa we hie ne onweg flegdon ne him lað dydon.
449Ac hi him selfe eft gewiton þonon.
450þa hit ða on morgen dæg wæs, ða het ic ealle mine
451ladþeowas þe mec on swelc earfeðo gelæddon, het
452hie þa gebindan & him þa ban & sconcan forbrecan,
453ðæt hie
page 25
454on niht wæron from þæm wyrmum asogone
455þe þæt wæter sohton.
456& ic him het eac þa honda of aheawan, þæt hie be gewyrhtum
457þes wites wite drugon, þe hie ær hiora
458þonces us on gelæddon & gebrohton.
459Het ða blawan mine byman & þa fyrd faran forð þy wege
460þe we ær ongunnen hæfdon.
461Foran we ða þurh ða fæstlond & þurh þa ungeferenlican
462eorþan.
463þa wæs þær eft gesomnad micel fyrd indiscra monna &
464þæra elreordigra þe ða lond budon, & we þa
465wið þæm gefuhton.
466Mid þy we þa us eft ongeaton maran gefeoht toweard & mare
467gewin.
468ða forleton we þa frecnan wegas & siðfato & þa þæm
469selran we ferdon.
470Ond swa mid mine werode onsunde in patriacen þæt lond we
471becwoman mid golde & oþrum weolum swiðe
472gewelgode, & hie us þær fremsumlice & luflice onfengon.
473Mid þy we þa
page 26
474eft of þæm londe foron of patriacen, ða
475becwoman we on þa londgemæro medo & persa,
476þa we ðær eft edniowunga hæfdon micle gefeoht.
477And xx daga ic þær mid minre fyrde wið him wicode.
478Sioðþan we þa þonon ferdon þa wæs hit on seofon nihta
479fæce, þæt we to þæm londe & to þære stowe becwoman
480þær porrus se cyning mid his fyrde wicode.
481And he swiðe þæs londes fæstenum truwode þonne his
482gefeohte & gewinne.
483þa wilnade he þæt he me cuðe & mine þegnas, þa he þæs
484frægen & axsode from þæm ferendum minra wicstowa,
485þa wæs þæt me gesæd þæt he wilnade me to
486cunenne & min werod.
487ða alede ic minne kynegyrylan & me mid uncuþe hrægle &
488mid lyþerlice gerelan me gegerede, swelce
489ic wære hwelc folclic mon & me wære mete & wines þearf.
490þa
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491ic wæs in þæm wicum porres swa ic ær sæde, ða
492sona swa he me þær geahsode & him mon sægde
493þæt þær mon cymen wæs of alexandres herewicum, þa het
494he me sona to him lædan.
495Mid þy ic þa wæs to him gelæded þa frægn he me &
496ahsode hwæt alexander se cyning dyde & hulic mon
497he wære & in hwylcere yldo.
498ða bysmrode ic hine mid minum ondswarum & him sæde þæt he
499forealdod wære & to þæs eald wære þæt
500he ne mihte elcor gewearmigan buton æt fyre & æt gledum.
501þa wæs he sona swiðe gelædglædDOEC has glæd & gefeonde þara minra
502ondswaro & worda, for þon ic him sæde þæt he
503swa forealdod wære.
504And ða cwæð he eac hu mæg he la ænige gewinne wið me
505spowan swa forealdod mon, for þon ic eom
506me self geong & hwæt.
507þa he ða geornlicor me frægn be his þingum, ða sæde ic
508þæt ic his þinga feola ne cuþe & hine seldon
509gesawe ðone cyning, for þon þe ic wære his
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510þegnes mon & his ceapes heorde & wære his feohbigenga.
511þa he ðas word gehyrde, ða sealde he me an gewrit & ænne
512epistolan, and me bæd þæt ic hine alexandre
513þæm kyninge ageafe, & me eac mede gehet gif ic hit
514him agyfan wolde & ic him gehet þæt ic
515swa don wolde swa he me bæd.
516Swa ic ða þonon gewiten wæs & eft cwom to minum
517herewicum, þa ægþer ge ær ðon þe ic þæt gewrit
518rædde ge eac æfter þon þæt ic wæs swiðe mid hleahtre
519onstyred.
520ðas þing ic for þon þe secge magister, & olimphiade
521minre meder, & minum geswustrum, þæt ge gehyrdon
522& ongeaton þa oferhygdlican gedyrstignesse þæs
523elreordgan kyninges.
524Hæfd ic þa þæs kyninges wic & his fæstenu gesceawod þe
525he mid his fyrde in gefaren hæfde.
526ða sona on morgne þæs ða eode porrus se kyning
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527me on
528hond mid ealle his ferde & dugoþe þa he hæfde
529ongieten þæt he wið me gewinnan ne meahte.
530Ond of þæm feondscipe þe us ær betweonum wæs þæt he
531seoðþan wæs me freond & eallum greca herige
532& min gefera & gefylcea.
533And ic him ða eft his rice ageaf & þa ðære unwendan are
534þæs rices þe he him seolfa næniges rices
535ne wende, þæt he ða me eall his goldhord æteowde, & he
536þa ægþer ge mec ge eac eall min werod
537mid golde gewelgode.
538And herculis gelicnisse & libri ðara twegea goda, he buta of
539golde gegeat & geworhte & hie butu
540asette in þæm eastdæle middangeardes.
541ða wolde ic witan hwæþer ða gelicnissa wæron gegotene
542ealle swa he sæde.
543Het hie þa þurhborian þa wæron hie buta of golde
544gegotene, ða het ic eft þa ðyrelo þe hiora mon
545þurh cunnode mid golde forwyrcean & afyllon
page 30
546& het þa ðæm godum bæm onsægdnisse onsecgan.
547þa ferdon we forð & woldan ma wunderlicra þinga geseon &
548sceawian & mærlicra.
549Ac þa ne gesawon we swa swa we þa geferdon noht elles buton
550þa westan feldas & wudu & duna be þæm
551garsecge, ða wæron monnum ungeferde for wildeorum &
552wyrmum.
553þa ferde ic hwæþre be þæm sæ to þon þæt ic wolde
554cunnian meahte ic ealne middangeard ymbferan
555swa garsecg beligeð.
556Ac þa sægdon me þa londbigengan þæt se sæ wære to þon
557þiostre & se garsecg eall, þæt hine nænig
558mon mid scipe geferan ne meahte.
559Ond TORONTO CORPUS: On; RYPINS: Ond ic þa ða wynstran
560dælas indie wolde geondferan þy læs me owiht in þæm
561londe beholen oððe bedegled wære.
562ða wæs þæt lond eall swa we geferdon adrugad & fen &
563cannon & hreod weoxan FOR TWO PRECEDING WORDS RYPINS HAS
564hread wæteru .
565ða cwom þær semninga sum
page 31
566deor of þæm fenne & of ðæm
567fæstene, wæs þæm deore eall se hrycg acæglod
568swelce snoda hæfde þæt deor seonowealt heafod swelce
569mona & þæt deor hatte quasi caput luna
570& him wæron þa breost gelice niccres breastum & heardum
571toðum & miclum hit wæs gegyred & geteþed.
572Ond hit þa þæt deor ofsloh mine þegnas twegen.
573Ond we þa þæt deor nowþer ne mid spere gewundigan ne
574meahte ne mid nænige wæpne, ac we hit uneaþe
575mid isernum hamerum & slecgum gefyldon & hit ofbeoton.
576ða becwoman we syðþan to þæm wudum indie & to þæm
577ytemestum gemærum þæs londes & ic þa het þa
578fyrd þær wician be þære ea þe biswicmon hatte.
579Wæron þa wic on lengo l furlanga long & swa eac in
580brædo.
581Woldon we þa to urum swæsendum sittan, wæs hit þa seo
582endlefte tid dæges, þa wæs semninga geboden
583þæt we wæpenu noman &
page 32
584ure tioloden, & us wære micel þearf þæt we us scyldan.
585þa dydon we swa fengon to ussum wæpnum swa us beboden wæs.
586ða cwom fengon to ussum wæpnum swa us beboden wæs.
587ða cwom þær micel mængeo elpenda.
588Of þæm wudo ungemetlic weorod þara diora.
589ða cwom þær micel mængeo elpenda
590of þæm wudo ungemetlic weorod þara diora.
591Cwoman hie to þon þyder þæt hie on ða ure wic feohtan.
592þa het ic sona þa hors gerwan & eoredmen hleapan up, &
593het geniman swina micelne wræd & drifan
594on horsum ongean þæm elpendum, for þon ic wiste þæt
595swin wæron ðæm deorum laðe, & hiora rying
596hie meahte afyrhton.
597And þa sona þæs þa elpendas ða swin gesawon þa wæron
598hie afyrhte, & sona on þone wudu gewiton.
599Ond we þa niht on þære wicstowe gesundlice wicodon, & ic
600hæfde mid fæstene gefæstnad þæt us nowþer
601ne deor ne oðer earfeðo sceððan meahten.
602ða hit þa on morgen dæg wæs, þa ferdon we on oþer
603þeodlond india, ða cwoman
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604we on sumne micelne feld.
605ða gesawe þær ruge wifmen, & wæpned men wæron hie swa
606ruwe & swa gehære swa wildeor.
607Wæron hie nigon fota uplonge, & hie wæron þa men nacod
608& hie næniges hrægles ne gimdon.
609ðas men indeos hatað ictifafonas & hie of ðæm neaheum &
610merum þa hronfiscas uptugon & þa æton &
611be þæm lifdon & þæt wæter æfter druncon.
612Mid þy ic þa wolde near þa men geseon & sceawigon, ða
613flugon hie sona in þa wæter & hie þær in
614þæm stanholum hyddon.
615þa æfter þon gesawon we betweoh þa wudu bearwas & þa
616treo healfhundinga micle mængeo, ða cwoman
617to þon þæt hie woldon us wundigan.
618& we þa mid strælum hie scotodon, & hie sona onweg
619aflymdon ða hie eft on þone wudu gewiton.
620þa syððan geferdon we in þa westenn india & we þa
621þær noht wunderlices ne mærlices gesawon.
622Ond we þa eft in fasiacen þæt
page 34
623lond becwoman þanan we
624ær ferdon & we þær gewicodon be þæm neahwætrum
625& we þær ure geteld bræddon ealle on æfen, & þær
626wæron eac fyr wel monigo onæled.
627ða cwom þær semninga swiðe micel wind & gebræc, & to
628þæs unheorlic se wind geweox þæt he þara
629ura getelda monige afylde, & he ða eac usse
630feþerfotnietenu swiðe swencte.
631ða het ic gesomnigan eft þa geteld & seamas ealle tosomne,
632& hie mon þa seamas & þa þing ðara ura
633wicstowa earfoðlice tosomne for þæm winde gesomnode.
634Ond ða on gehliuran dene & on wearmran we gewicodan.
635Mid þy we gewicod hæfdon & ure þing eall gearo, þa het ic
636eallne þone here þæt he to swæsendum sæte
637& mete þigde, & hie þa swa dydon.
638Mid þy hit æfenne nealehte, ða ongunnon þa windas eft
639weaxan, & þæt weder hreogan & ungemetlic cele
640geweox on þone æfen.
641ða cwom þær micel snaw & swa
page 35
642miclum sniwde swelce micel flys feolle.
643ða ic þa unmætnisse & micelnisse ðæs snawes geseah, ða
644þuhte me þæt ic wiste þæt he wolde ealle þa
645wicstowe forfeallan.
646ða het ic þone here þæt hie mid fotum þone snaw
647trædon, & þa fyr eall wæron forneah for þære
648micelnesse þæs snawes adwæscte & acwencte.
649Hwæþere us þær wæs anes þinges eþnes, þæt se snaw
650ðær leng ne wunede þonne ane tide.
651ða sona wæs æfter þon swiðe sweart wolcen & genip, &
652þa eac cwoman of þæm sweartan wolcne byrnende fyr.
653þa fyr ðonne feollon on þa eorþan swelce byrnende
654þecelle & for þæs fyres bryne eall se feld born.
655ða cwædon men þætte hie wendon þæt þæt wære goda
656eorre þæt usic þær on becwome.
657ða het ic eald hrægl toslitan & habban wið þæm fyre &
658sceldan mid.
659þa seoððan æfter þon we hæfdon smolte niht & gode
660siðþan,
page 36
661siððan usic þa earfeðo forleton.
662And we ða sioðþan butan orenum þingum mete þigdon &
663usic restan, & ic þær þa bebyrgde minra þegna
664v hund þe ðær betweoh ða snawas & earfeþo & þa
665fyr þe us þær in þæm wicum on becwoman þæt
666hie forwurdon & deade wæron.
667Ond þa het ic of þære wicstowe sioððan þa ferd faran
668forð & we þa foron forð be þæm sæ, & þær ða
669hean hos & dene & garsecg ðone æthiopia we gesawon.
670Swelce eac þa miclan & þa mæron dune we gesawon þa
671mon hateð enesios & þæt scræf libri þæs godes.
672ða het ic þær in bescufan forworhte men þæt ic wolde
673gewitan hweþer sio segen soð wære þe me mon
674ær be þon sægde, þæt þær nænig mon ingan mehte &
675eft gesund æfter þon beon nymþe he mid asegendnisseum
676ineode in þæt scræf.
677And þæt wæs eac æfter þon gecyðed in þara monna
678deaðe, for þon ðy þriddan dæge hie swulton ðæs
679þe hie in
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680þæt scræf eodon.
681Ond ic eaþmodlice & geornlice bæd þa godmægen þæt hie
682mec ealles middangeardes kyning & hlaford
683mid hean sigum geweorþeden, ond in macedoniam ic eft
684gelæded wære to olimphiade minre meder &
685to minum geswustrum & gesibbum.
686ða wolde ic eft in fasiacen þæt lond feran, mid þy ic þa
687ferde mid mine weorede, ða cwoman us þær
688on ðæm wege twegen ealde men togeanes.
689ða frægn ic hie & ahsode hwæþer hie owiht mærlic in
690þæm londum wisten.
691ða ondsworadon hie mec & sægdon þæt nære mara weg
692þonne meahte on tyn dagum geferan.
693Hwæþre mid ealle mine weorede somod ic hit geferan ne
694mehte for ðara wega nerwette, ac mid feower
695þusendum monna ic hit geferan meahte, þæt ic mærlices
696hwæthwugo gesawe.
697ða wæs ic swiðe bliðe & gefeonde for þæm hiora wordum.
698ða cwæð ic eft
page 38
699to him & him spræc liðum wordum to,
700secgað la mec git ealdon, hwæt þæt sie mærlices
701& micellices þæt git mec gehatað þæt ic þær
702geseon mæge.
703ða andswarode me hiora oðer & cwæð, þu gesiehst kyning
704gif þu hit geferest, & þa tu trio sunnan
705& monan on indisc & on grecisc sprecende.
706Oþer þara is wæpnedcynnes sunnan trio, oþer wifkynnes
707þæt monan trio, & hie gesecgað þæm men þe
708hie frineð, hwæt godes oþðe yfles him becuman sceal.
709ða ne gelyfde ic him ac wende þæt hi mec onhyscte & on
710bismer sægdon.
711And ic swa cwæð to minum geferan, Min þrym is from
712eastewearde middangearde oþ þæt westan weardne
713& mec þas forealdodan elreordegan nu her bysmergeað.
714Mynte ic hie haton yflian, ða sworan hie swiðe þæt hie
715soð sægdon & noht lugen þara þinga.
716ða wolde ic gecunnian
page 39
717hwæþer hie mec soð sægdon, & mec
718mine geferan bædon þæt hie swelcra merþo
719bescerede ne wæron, ac ðæt we his gecunnedon hwæþer
720hit swelc wære ða hit næs micel to geferanne.
721Genom þa mid mec þreo þusendo, & forlet mine fyrd elcor
722in fasiacen under pore þæm kyninge & under
723minum gerefum ðær abidon.
724ða foran we & usic þa ladteowas læddon þurh þa wædlan
725stowe wætres & þurh þa unarefndon lond wildeora
726& wyrma þa wæron wunderlicum nomum on indisc geceged.
727Mid þy we þa nealehtan ðæm þeodlonde þa gesawon we
728ægþer ge wif ge wæpnedmen mid palthera fellum
729& tigriscum þara deora hydum gegyryde & nanes oðres brucon.
730Mid þy ic þa frægn hie & ahsode hwelcre ðeode kynnes
731hie wæron.
732ða ondswarodon hie mec & sægdon on hiora geþeode þæt
page 40
733hie wæran indos.
734Wæs seo stow rum & wynsumo & balzamum & recels ðær wæs
735genihtsumnis & þæt eac of þæra treowa telgan
736weol & þa men þæs londes bi ðy lifdon & þæt æton.
737Mid þy we ða geornlicor þa stowe sceawodon & betwih þa
738bearwas eodon, & ic ða wynsumnesse & fægernesse
739þæs londes wundrade.
740ða cwom se bisceop þære stowe us togeanes.
741Wæs he se bisceop x fota upheah, & eall him wæs se
742lichoma sweart buton þæm toþum ða wæron hwite.
743And þa earan him þurh þyrelode, & earhringas onhongedon of
744mænigfealdan gimcynne geworhte, & he
745wæs mid wildeora fellum gegerwed.
746þa he se bisceop to me cwom, ða grette he me sona &
747halette his leodþeawe.
748Frægn he eac me to hwon ic þider cwome & hwæt ic þær
749wolde.
750þa ondswarode ic hin þæt mec lyste geseon þa halgan trio
page 41
751sunnan & monan.
752ða ondswarode he, gif þine geferan beoð clæne from
753wifgehrine, þonne moton hie gongan in þone godcundan
754bearo.
755Wæs minra geferana mid me þrio hund monna.
756þa het se bisceop mine geferan þæt hie hiora gescie &
757ealne heora gerelan him of adyden.
758Ond het ic æghwæt swa don swa he us bebead.
759Wæs hit þa sio endlefte tid dæges.
760ða bad se socerd sunnan setlgongen for þon sunnan trio
761agefeð ondsware æt þæm upgonge & eft æt
762setlgonge, & þæt monan triow gelice swa on niht dyde.
763ða ongon ic geornlicor þa stowe sceawigan, & geond þa
764bearwas & treowu gongan þa geseah ic þær
765balzamum þæs betstan stences genoh of þæm treowum
766utweallan.
767þæt balzamum ægþer ge ic ge mine geferan þær betwih
768þæm rindum noman þæra trio.
769þonne wæron ða halgan trio sunnan & monan
page 42
770on middum þæm oðrum treowum meahton hie beon hunteontiges
771fota upheah, & eac þær wæron oþre treow wunderlicre
772heanisse ða hatað indeos bebronas.
773þara triowa heannisse ic wundrade, & cwæð þæt ic wende
774þæt hie for miclum wætan & regnum swa heage weoxon.
775ða sægde se bisceop þæt þær næfre in þæm londum
776regnes dropa ne cwome, ne fugel ne wildeor, ne
777nænig ætern wyrm þæt her dorste gesecean ða halgan
778gemæro sunnan & monan.
779Eac þonne he sægde se bisceop þonne þæt eclypsis wære
780þæt is þonne ðæs sunnan asprungnis oðþe þære
781monan, þæt ða halgan triow swiðe wepen & mid micle
782sare instyred wæron, for þon hie ondredon
783þæt hie hiora godmægne sceoldon beon benumene.
784ða þohte ic, sægde alexander, þæt ic wolde onsægdnisse
785þær onsecgan, ac þa forbead me se bisceop,
786& sægde þæt ðæt nære
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787alyfed ænigum men þæt he
788þær ænig nyten cwealde oþþe blodgyte worhte, ac
789mec het þæt ic me to þara triowa fotum gebæde, þæt
790sunna & mone me soþre ondswarege ondwyrdum þara
791þinga ðe ic frune sioððan þas þing þus gedon wæron.
792þa gesawon we westan þone leoman sunnan & se leoma gehran
793þæm treowum ufonweardum.
794ða cwæð se sacerd lociað nu ealle up & be swa hwylcum
795þingum swa ge willon frinan, þence on his
796heortan deagollice, & nænig mon his geþoht openum wordum
797ut ne cyðe.
798Mid þy we þa wel neah stodan þam bearwum & þæm
799godsprecum, þa ðohte ic on minum mode hwæþer
800ic meahte ealne middangeard me on onweald geslean, & þonne
801sioþþan mid þæm siogorum geweorþad, ic eft meahte
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802becuman in macedoniam to olimphiade minre
803meder, & minum geswustrum.
804ða ondswarode me þæt triow indiscum wordum & þus cwæd.
805ðu TORONTO CORPUS: ða; RYPINS: ðu unoferswyðda
806alexander in gefeohtum þu weorðest
807cyning & hlaford ealles middangeardes, ac hwæþre
808ne cymst þu on þinne eþel ðonan þu ferdest ær,
809for þon ðin eþel hit swa be þinum heafde &
810fore hafað aræded.
811ða wæs ic ungleaw þæs geþeodes þara indiscra worda
812þe þæt triow me to spræc, ða rehte hit me
813se bisceop & sægde.
814Mid þy hit mine geferan gehyrdon þæt ic eft cwic ne moste
815in minne eþel becuman, ða wæron hie swiðe unrote for þon.
816þa wolde ic eft on þa æfentid ma ahsian, ac þa næs se
817mona þa gyt uppe.
818Mid þy we þa eft eodon in þone halgan bearo, & we þa
819eft be þæm treowum stodan gebædon
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820us þa sona
821to þæm treowum swa we ær dydon.
822And ic eac in mid mec gelædde mine þrie ða getreowestan
823frynd, ða wæron mine syndrige treowgeþoftan,
824þæt wæs ærest perticam, & clitomum, & pilotan, for
825þon ic me ne ondred þæt me þæra ænig beswice,
826for þon þær næs riht on þære stowe ænigne to
827acwellanne for þære stowe weorþunge.
828ða þohte ic on minum mode & on minum geþohte on hwelcre
829stowe ic sweltan scolde.
830Mid þy ða ærest se mona upeode þa gehran he mid his
831sciman þæm triowum ufeweardum & þæt triow ondswarode
832þæm minum geþohte & þus cwæð, alexander
833fulne ende þines lifes þu hæfst gelifd, ac þys
834æftran geare þu swyltst on babilone on maius monðe from
835þæm þu læst wenst from þæm þu bist beswicen.
836ða wæs ic swiðe sariges
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837modes, & þa mine frynd swa eac þa me þær mid wæron.
838And hie weopon swiðe, for þon him wære min gesynto leofre
839þonne hiora seolfra hælo.
840ða gewiton we to urum geferum eft, & hie woldon to hiora
841swæsendum sittan, & ic wolde for þæm
842bysegum mines modes me gerestan.
843Ac þa bædon mec mine geferan þæt ic on swa micelre modes
844unreto & nearonisse mec selfne mid fæstenne ne swencte.
845þigde ða tela micelne mete wið mines modes willan, &
846þa tidlice to minre reste eode for þon ic
847wolde beon gearo æt sunnan upgonge þæt ic eft in geeode.
848ða on morgne mid þy hit dagode, þa onbræd ic & þa mine
849getreowestan frynd aweahte þæt ic wolde
850in þa halgan stowe gan.
851Ac þa reste hine se bisceop þa giet, & mid wildeora
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852fellum wæs gegerwed & bewrigen.
853And irenes & leades þa men on þæm londum wædliað &
854goldes genihtsumiað & be ðæm balzamum þa men
855in þæm londe lifgeað & of ðæm neahmunte wealleð
856hluter wæter & fæger & þæt swiðe swete.
857þonne drincað þa men þæt & by lifigeað.
858And þonne hie restað, þonne restað hie buton bedde &
859bolstre, ac on wildeora fellum heora bedding bið.
860ða awehte ic þone bisceop, hæfde se bisceop þreo hund
861wintra on yldo.
862Mid þy he þa se bisceop aras, ða eode ic on þa godcundan
863stowe & þa þriddan siðe þæt sunnan treow
864ongon frinan þurh hwelces monnes hond min ende wære
865getiod, oððe hwelcne endedæg min modor
866oþðe min geswuster nu gebidan scoldon.
867þa ondswarode me þæt treow on grecisc & þus cwæð, Gif
868ic þe þone
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869gesecge þines feores yþelice
870þu ða wyrde oncyrrest & his hond befehst.
871Ac soð ic þe secge þæt yb anes geares fyrst & eahta
872monað þu swyltst in babilone, nalles mid iserne
873acweald swa ðu wenst ac mid atre.
874ðin modor gewiteð of weorulde þurh scondlicne deað, &
875unarlicne, & heo ligeð unbebyrged in wege
876fuglum to mete & wildeorum.
877þine sweostor beoð longe gesæliges lifes.
878ðu þonne ðeah þu, þu lytle hwile lifge hweþre ðu
879geweorðest an cyning & hlaford ealles middangeardes.
880Ac ne frign ðu unc nohtes ma ne ne axa, for þon wit
881habbað oferhleoðred þæt gemære uncres leohtes,
882ac to fasiacen & porre þæm cyninge eft gehworf þu.
883And fer ðy þa weopon mine geferan, for þon ic swa lytle
884hwile lyfigan moste.
885Ac þa forbead hit se bisceop þæt hi ne weopon,
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886þy læs þa halgan treow þurh heora wop & tearas abulgen.
887Ond ne geherde ða ondsware þara treowa ma manna þonne þa
888mine getreowestan freond, Ond hit nænig
889mon ut cyþan ne moste þy læs þa elreordegan kyningas
890ðe ic ær mid nede to hyrsumnesse gedyde,
891þæt hie on þæt fægon þæt ic swa lytle hwile lifgean
892moste.
893Ne hit eac ænig mon þære ferde ðon ma ut mæran moste
894þy læs hie for ðon ormode wæron & þy sænran
895mines willan & weorðmyndo, ðæs hie mid mec to
896fromscipe geferan scoldon.
897Ond me næs se hrædlica ende mines lifes swa miclum weorce
898swa me wæs þæt ic læs mærðo gefremed
899hæfde þonne min willa wære.
900ðas þing ic write to þon min se leofa magister þæt þu
901ærest gefeo in þæm fromscipe mines lifes
902& eac blissige in þæm weorðmyndum.
903Ond eac
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904swelce ecelice min gemynd stonde & hleonige
905oðrum eorðcyningum to bysne, ðæt hie witen
906þy gearwor þæt min þrym & min weorðmynd maran
907wæron, þonne ealra oþra kyninga þe in middangearde
908æfre wæron.